[acb-diabetics] multiple articles

[Patricia LaFrance-Wolf]

2.%% M Are Dietary Changes Helpful at Later Stages of T2DM Management?
8/23/10 Summary - this study, investigated the extent to which intensive
evidence-based

dietary advice improved glycemic control & risk factors for CV disease in
people with T2. [52 subjects randomly assigned to intensive dietary
intervention

&52 controls]. emphasis was on food quantities, vegs, fruit, legumes,
whole-grain cereals, fish, nuts, low-fat dairy products, appropriate fats
and oils.

Each ptp had 2 individual sessions with the dietitian the first month then
monthly sessions for 5 months. At 6 months, levels of A1c in the
intervention

group declined from a mean of 8.9% to 8.4% but was   unchanged at 8.6% in
the control grp. Though modest, the decrease  in A1c levels (as well as
weight

and waist reductions) occurred after only 6 months of dietary changes. these
results suggest  that lifestyle modification may be beneficial regardless

of when it is initiated.

 

3.%% M Higher Plasma Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
(sRAGE) Levels are Associated with Incident Cardio vascular Disease (CVD)
and

All-cause Mortality in T1DM  8/23/10; [169 pts with DM nephropathy and 170
controls;fup 12.3yr]  Conclusions  -Higher levels of sRAGE are associated
with

incident fatal and nonfatal CVD and all-cause mortality in individuals with
T1.. sRAGE- associated renal dysfunction may partially explain this
association.

 

4.%% SGLT2 Inhibitors: Glucuretic Treatment for T2DM 8/26/10; Brit Jour of
DM & Vasc Disease Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors offer a

novel approach to treat DM by reducing hyper- glycaemia [high blood sugar]
via increased glucosuria.[sugar in urine] The glucuretics are advanced in
clinical

development . Once daily dapaglifolozin for 12–24 wks in T2 pts ( HbA1C
8–9%) reduced HbA1C  by about 0.5–1%, accompanied by weight loss [4.4-6.6
lb] and

without significant risk of hypoglycaemia...In conclusion, inhibition of
SGLT2 in the renal tubules provides a novel 'glucuretic' approach to assist
glycaemic

control by eliminating excess glucose in the urine.

 

5.%% M Therapeutic Potential of Aleglitazar, a New Dual PPAR-a/? Agonist:
Implications for CVD in Patients with DM 8/25/10; While microvascular
complications 

such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy are reduced with intensive
glycemic control, treatment of hyperglycemia has not been consistently shown

to have effects on  macrovascular complications of DM such as coronary
artery, cerebro-vascular, and peripheral vascular disease.  A phase II trial
examining

a novel dual PPAR agonist, aleglitazar, showed [it] reduced hyper-glycemia &
favorably modified levels of HDL-C and triglycerides with an acceptable
safety

profile. Aleglitazar is currently being studied in large-scale clinical
trials to assess whether it will reduce the risk of (death, MI, or stroke)
among

patients with DM and coronary artery disease.

 

6.%% ADA 8/24/10  New research indicates that unhealthy glucose levels in
people with DM may smother and block the mechanisms of the body's immune
system. 

This may explain the higher risk of chronic bacterial and fungal infections
among diabetes patients. . Specialized receptors that recognize molecules
associated

with bacteria and fungi become "blind" when glucose levels are too high.
This may also help explain why DM complications include higher risks of
viral

infections and inflammatory conditions such as CVD.  "It also helps to
emphasize the importance of good diet on preventing or controlling diseases
such

as diabetes.  We will build on these ideas in order to..investigate new
routes to treatment and prevention."

 

7.%% M 8/31/10 Symposium - Revolutionary Approaches in the Treatment of
Diabetes:.. The liver accounts for about 60% of gluconeogenesis [production
of

glucose]- the kidney normally accounts for about 40%. These gluconeogenesis
properties are stimulated by insulin and epinephrine. Conclusion, there are

changes that occur in kidney processes that are associated with hypertension
and hyperglycemia. . RAAS inhibitors will decrease the BP,and slow down rate

of development and progression of DM kidney disease. There clearly are renal
contributions to postprandial hyperglycemia as well: the abnormal rate of

gluconeogenesis as well as the increased glucose reabsorption that occurs
with up-regulation of SGLT2 transporters.. In diabetics, SGLT2s are
overexpressed.

Instead of actually letting glucose get out of the system, glucose gets
reabsorbed, and it causes more hyperglycemia, more glucose toxicity. These
drugs

are very new, but there is a lot of excitement. Dapagliflozin, or DAPA,
results in moderate glucosuria. [sugar in urine] current guidelines
recommend intensive

glucose control if it can be achieved safely. SGLT2 inhibitors prevent
reabsorption of glucose to the blood in an insulin- independent manner.
Several

agents are in development. Clinical trial data to date demonstrate improved
A1C, modest weight loss, good safety profile including low risk of
hypoglycemia,

and a mild decrease in BP. 

 

8.%% JH Insulin: You’ve Got Choices 9/2/10  Approximately 40% of people with
T2DM  eventually require some type of insulin treatment to control their
blood

glucose, either because their DM gets worse or it no longer responds to oral
drugs. Many people with T2 take insulin in combination with metformin, a
thiazolidinedione,

or a sulfonylurea.

Insulin was once obtained exclusively from pig or cow pancreas. Today,
regular and intermediate-acting insulins are referred to as human insulins,
because

they are manufactured to be identical to the insulin produced by the human
pancreas. There are 4 main types of insulin: Rapid-acting -Insulin aspart
(Novolog),

insulin lispro (Humalog), and insulin glulisine (Apidra) are called insulin
analogues, because their chemical structure is a modified form of human
insulin

that is designed to work more quickly and peak faster than regular insulin.
These manufactured insulins work with time-actions that are close to the
natural

insulin functions in the body. Consequently, they may be effective in
preventing high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) after meals and are less
likely to

produce hypoglycemia later on.

Regular or short-acting insulin.is manufactured to be the same as the
insulin produced in the human body. Popular brands have an "R" (for regular)
in their

names,( Humulin R.) Regular insulin is typically injected 30- 60 min before
meals and usually reaches the bloodstream within 30 min, in time to cover
the

rise in blood glucose that begins after food is eaten. Insulin action peaks
2-3 hours after injection and the effects generally last about 3-6 hrs.
Intermediate-acting

insulin. called NPH insulin contains protamine, which makes the solution
cloudy and slows the absorption of insulin. NPH insulins have an "N" in
their

names ( Novolin N) After injection, intermediate-acting insulins reach the
bloodstream within 2-4 hrs and show peak action in 4-10 hours. Duration of
action

is from 10- 16 hours. Intermediate- acting insulin is often used in
combination with regular or rapid- acting insulin.  Long-acting insulin. -
Both insulin

glargine (Lantus) and insulin detemir (Levemir) are long-acting insulin
analogues. They are often used alone in people with T2, or in combination
with

a more quick- acting insulin. Lantus is a clear solution in the vial, but it
precipitates in the skin after injection, which greatly slows absorption and

makes it very long acting, usually 20 - 24 hours. Levemir also is absorbed
slowly, because it binds to the protein albumin in the skin. Its effects
last

about 14 -18 hours.

 

9.%%  M Older Patients With Diabetes Remain Sexually Active, Study Finds
9/10/10 [2000 subjects both with and without DM] .. even though diabetes
impairs

libido, erectile function, and orgasm, older partnered adults with the
disease still engage in sexual activity about as often as people without the
disease:

Almost 70% of partnered men with DM and 62% of partnered women with DM
engage in sexual activity an average of 2- 3 times each month. Difficulties
achieving

orgasm were more common in those with DM, and were reported in both women
and men, regardless of whether they were aware they had diabetes. The
authors

say this suggests that orgasmic difficulties may tend to be predominantly
physiologic in etiology, rather than psychiatric.

 

10.%% M The New World of Biosimilars:.. 9/1/10  - Biosimilar pharmaceuticals
are emerging as patent protection on the original biopharmaceutical products

expires. However, [these] are particularly complex molecules - biosimilar
insulins present special challenges. Their therapeutic window is narrow and
the

accuracy of their dosing is highly dependent on the formulation and quality
of the administration device.  Intro - Biopharmaceuticals are biological
medicinal

products derived from recombinant DNA and expressed by genetically
engineered organisms to produce  therapeutic proteins in large quantities.
The first

biopharmaceutical introduced into clinical use was recombinant human insulin
(Humulin, Eli Lilly) in 1982..

 

11.%% Antigen-specific Immunotherapy for Type 1 Diabetes: 9/16/10; Diabetes.
2010;59(9) Studies in a variety of animal models, which act as replicas of

the major chronic inflammatory diseases that affect humans, have shown that
delivery of autoantigens, administered at different disease stages via a
variety

of routes, can provide robust, sustained health and protection from
inflammatory autoimmune disease. The most appealing element to this
approach, termed

antigen-specific immunotherapy (ASI), has been that it not only

provides an effective means of controlling the autoimmune response via
induction or restoration of ß-cell–specific tolerance, but that it may
achieve these

goals without major concerns over safety and certainly without the specter
of immune suppression. Yet significant questions remain. Are we doing enough

to realize the potential of

this sacred cow? How do we move from concept to reality? ..

 

12.%% 9/7/10 NIH News Study Shows How Insulin Stimulates Fat Cells to Take
in Glucose  Using high-resolution microscopy, researchers at the National
Institutes

of Health have shown how insulin prompts fat cells to take in glucose in a
rat model. Next, they plan to observe the fat cells of people with varying
degrees

of insulin sensitivity, including insulin resistance-considered a precursor
to T2. These observations may help identify the interval when someone
becomes

at risk for developing DM. Glucose, a simple sugar, provides energy for cell
functions. After food is digested, glucose is released into the bloodstream.

In response, pancreas secretes insulin, which directs the muscle and fat
cells to take in glucose. Cells obtain energy from glucose or convert it to
fat

for long-term storage. Like a key fits into a lock, insulin binds to
receptors on the cell's surface, causing GLUT4 molecules to come to the
cell's surface

and  act as vehicles to ferry glucose inside the cell...

 

13.%% M Breast-Feeding for Less Than 1 Month Linked to Increased Risk for
T2DM 9/10/10  "We have seen dramatic increases in the prevalence of T2 over
the

last century," said lead author. "Diet and exercise are widely known to
impact the risk of T2, but few people realize that breastfeeding also
reduces mothers'

risk of developing the disease later in life by decreasing maternal belly
fat."[2233 mothers].. women who consistently breast-fed all of their
children

for at least 1 m had a similar adjusted risk for T2 whereas mothers who had
never breast-fed an infant had greater risk.

 

14.%%  Unique pathway in diabetes Nat Med Sep 2010  A  team has identified a
proinflammatory pathway involving eukaryotic translation initiation factor

5A,(EIF5A) as a potential player in DM. [it] is in preclinical development.
.many proinflammatory pathways are at play in the pancreas in both T1 & T2,

the team thinks EIF5A might also contribute to pancreatic inflammation.

 

15.%% M Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in T2DM 9/01/10; Among the
newer treatments for T2DM are analogs of the incretin hormone glucagon-like

peptide (GLP)-1: drug class known as GLP-1 receptor agonists.  Exenatide, a
synthetic analog of GLP-1, was the first in the class to be approved by FDA

as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults
with T2.  Liraglutide, was approved in Jan 2010. Conclusion - These agents
not

only effectively lower glucose, but they also have beneficial metabolic and
CV effects. clinical trials show consistent reductions in A1c and fasting
and

postprandial plasma glucose levels. In addition, weight loss, and beta-cell
function improvements have been observed. BP and lipids are also favorably

affected.. Longer- acting formulations are a promising development. GLP-1
agonists are generally well tolerated .. independent ed grant from
AMYLIN/Lilly.

 

16.%% Ophth vol117;10 Oct 2010  Optical Coherence Tomographic Evaluation of
Foveal Hard Exudates in Patients with Diabetic Maculopathy Accompanying
Macular

Detachment

Objective - To study morphologic changes of serous retinal detachment (SRD)
and hyperreflective dots, which have been reported to be precursors of hard

exudates, detectable in SRD using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to
assess whether or not the OCT findings are correlated with the subfoveal
deposition

of hard exudates in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) accompanied
by SRD. [28pts]Conclusions  In patients with DME accompanied by SRD, SD-OCT

revealed that hyperreflective dots

may be associated with the subfoveal deposition of hard exudates during
follow-up.

 

17.%% M Metformin Might Prevent Colorectal, Lung Cancers 9/3/10 It was
observed that DM patients taking metformin have a 40% reduced risk for
cancer. 

Data from a small clinical trial and from an animal study suggest that
metformin might suppress the development of precancerous colorectal lesions
in humans

and prevent tobacco- induced lung cancers in mice. The drug appears to alter
cellular energy metabolism in a way that is particularly bad for cancers and

precancerous cells. It is also attractive because it is relatively nontoxic.
"Unlike chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which are intended to kill cancer
cells

in a directly toxic manner, metformin appears to target the cancer in a more
subtle way..It also may act in some patients, especially diabetic cancer
patients,

by reducing levels of hormones that can stimulate cell growth, including
insulin itself," 

 

18.%% Blood Pressure Control in Diabetes: How Low Should We Go?

9/7/10 Summary - The Internat Verapamil SR-Trandolapril study compared
clinical outcomes of patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease
(CAD).

[subset of 6400 pts with DM] .The team suggests there may be such a thing as
overly- aggressive BP control. In addition, adverse events were more common

in the aggressive group,  Thus, it appears that lowering BP below 130 mm Hg
may do more harm than good.

 

19.%% MTD Diabetes Information In Twenty Languages 9/12/10

Ethnicity is a key factor in the risk of developing T2. In whites, T2
usually occurs above the age of 40, but Black and South Asian people can
develop

the condition from the age of 25. Diabetes UK Language Centre.  We currently
have diabetes information in the following [includes]  Albanian - Arabic- 

Bengali –  Chinese –  Croatian –  English - Farsi - French - Gujarati -
Hindi - Italian - Polish –   Portuguese - Punjabi - Romanian - Serbian -
Somali

–  Tamil – Turkish – Urdu –  Welsh –   

www.diabetes.org.uk/Other_languages/

 

20.%%Retina: Sep 2010; Vol 30; 8  Relationship Between Fasting Glucose and
Retinopathy for Diagnosis of Diabetes:  purpose - to assess the relationship

between the fasting plasma glucose cutoff of 7 mmol/L and the presence of
retinopathy in a population in China. [3251 subjects] Conclusion: Confirming

a recent study from Australian and North Amer populations, the results
suggest that also for the Chinese population, a uniform glycemic threshold
for prevalent

retinopathy does not exist.

 

21.%% MedWatch Actos (pioglitazone): Ongoing Safety Review - Potential
Increased Risk of Bladder Cancer. The Agency is reviewing

data from an ongoing, 10-year epidemiological study designed to evaluate
whether Actos is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer.
Findings

from studies in animals and humans suggest this is a potential safety risk
that needs further study. At this time. Patients should continue taking
Actos

unless told otherwise by their healthcare professional.

 

22.%%  Diabetes and Thyroid Disorders 9/16/10; Brit Jour of DM and Vascular
Disease. 2010;10(4):Conclusions - The impact of thyroid alterations on
glucose

metabolism has been known for a long time. Recently, new pathways of thyroid
hormone action at the tissue level have been unveiled and may be of
relevance

to the understanding of insulin resistance present both in the hypothyroid
and hyperthyroid state. While thyroid disorders are more prevalent in people

with T1, due to common autoimmune origin, a similar prevalence of thyroid
disease has been reported in T2.  The co-existence of both DM and thyroid
disorders

has been associated with increased long-term morbidity and mortality.. the
decision to treat should be taken on an individual approach.
.insulin-resistant,

dyslipidaemic or diabetic pts  who are at higher risk of CV disease, might
be special cases for whom treatment of sub-clinical thyroid disease has to
be

seriously considered.

 

23.%%Hydroxychloroquine Lowers HbA1c in Rheumatic Patients With Diabetes
(Reuters Health) Sep 15 - When diabetics with rheumatic illnesses take
hydroxychloroquine,

their hemoglobin (Hb)A1c levels drop significantly, researchers report.
Methotrexate, however, doesn't have the same effect. "Hydroxychloroquine is
a weak

hypoglycemic agent compared with other typical oral anti-diabetic drugs," he
added. "However, it is important to note that it can lower blood glucose.

Rheumatologists should be aware of this when starting [this drug]  in
diabetics and non-diabetics."[ 82 adults]

 

24.%% Breaking News Alert NYTimes 9/23/10 F.D.A. and European Regulators
Severely Restrict Avandia, Citing Heart Risks.  In a highly unusual
coordinated

announcement, drug regulators in Europe and the US said that Avandia, the DM
medicine made by GlaxoSmithKline, will no longer be widely available. The

drug's sales will be halted entirely in Europe, and patients in the US will
be allowed to receive it only if they have tried every other diabetes
medicine

and have been made aware of the drug's substantial risks to the heart.

 

25. %% JH Onglyza for Type 2 Diabetes 9/23/10 Diet and exercise may be
enough to control blood glucose levels in some people with T2DM

But if you’re still not meeting your A1c goal or if you’re having DM

symptoms, your doctor will start you on oral medications, either alone or in
combination with insulin injections. Now newly approved oral DM medication

called saxagliptin (Onglyza) has been shown to improve blood glucose control
without causing low blood sugar or weight gain in people with T2 [400 people

with T2; randomized to  a placebo or Onglyza; Fup 6m] 34 to 41% of those in
the Onglyza group experienced reduced A1c levels below 7% (compared with 24%

of the placebo group.)The most common side effects are upper respiratory
tract infection, urinary tract infection, rash and headache.

 

26.%% ADDITION: No Significant Benefit of Intensive Therapy in Diabetes
9/22/10 Intensive multifactorial treatment was not significantly better than
routine

care in a study of 3000 patients with newly diagnosed T2 treated by general
practitioners.  "In neither

group did body-mass index increase over 5 years, nor was there deterioration
in HbA. BP in both groups was remarkably improved, as

were LDL & HDL cholesterol, and  smoking rates fell.. In conclusion, Griffin
said: "Stepwise screening for T2 in primary care is feasible, acceptable &

identifies individuals with high levels of modifiable risk factors.

 

27.%% M Overweight or Obese Men Without Metabolic Syndrome May Be at
Increased Risk for Diabetes 9/24/10 [1675 subjects ;normal wt at baseline]
"Based

on our observational data, overweight or obese persons without the MetS or
insulin resistance should be considered to have a substantially higher risk

for DM compared to normal weight persons without the MetS," the authors
conclude. "The influence of weight loss on risk in such individuals needs to
be

determined...

 

28.%% EASD Implantable Device Promises Diabetics Continuous Exenatide
Therapy With 100% Compliance  9/27/10 Exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1
(GLP-1)

mimetic, was delivered with an implantable drug-dispensing .. osmotic pump.
As subcutaneous tissue fluid flows into the device through a semipermeable

membrane, it expands an osmotic "engine," pumping the drug out at a constant
rate. The device can be inserted under the skin in just a few minutes. A key

aspect of the technology is a formulation that maintains the stability of
proteins and peptides at body temperature for an extended period of time,
[155

T2 pts;baseline HbA1c levels 7% - 10%] . a phase 3 trial of ITCA 650 is
planned. .

 

29.%% EASD  Liraglutide and Sitagliptin Both Have Role to Play in Diabetes
9/28/10 -  Two relatively new agents for T2 have a role to play in the
treatment

of this disorder because they have been shown to improve glycemia and induce
weight loss and could one day even replace the use of insulin in
insulin-dependent

T2.  The LEAD series of trials compares liraglutide (Victoza)a glucagonlike
peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist and with another incretin, the oral agent
sitagliptin

 (Januvia)--a dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor; these show that
liraglutide is generally well tolerated and reduces (HbA1c) and body weight
to

a greater extent than sitagliptin when added to metformin.

 treatment; also those on the higher dose of liraglutide reported greater
overall patient satisfaction, the presenter noted. This is the first oral
drug

for glycemia that also has weight loss. But the fact that liraglutide
induces greater weight loss than sitagliptin has to be balanced against the
fact

that it is an injectable agent with a high rate of nausea as a side effect,
..This compares with what was on offer from older drug classes, such as
sulfonylureas

and glitazones, which induce weight gain. In fact, these newer agents may
also allow a cautious reduction in dose of insulin or even withdrawal in
some

insulin-dependent diabetics ..

 

30.%% Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Flow  During a  [procedure] in
Patients with T1DM and Microvascular Complications 9/17/10; BMC Ophth.
2010;10(18)

Background: Microvascular complications, including retinopathy and
nephropathy are seen with T1. This study was designed to test the hypothesis
that clinical

markers of microvascular complications coexist with the alteration in
aqueous humor flow and IOP. [10pts]  We conclude that compared to healthy
participants,

pts with T1 with microalbuminuria and retinopathy have higher IOPs
normalized by hyperinsulinemia; a reduction in aqueous flow was not
statistically significant.

 

31.%% ADA Fish Oils Work Against Inflammation in Diabetes 9/28/10 Fish oil
supplements may help work against the inflammation associated with DM and
enhance

insulin sensitivity, according to new research, while a chemical agonist of
omega-3 fatty acids produced similar results. "The receptor evolved to
respond

to a natural product omega-3 fatty acids--. Our work shows how fish oils
safely do this, and suggests a possible way to treating the serious problems
of

inflammation in obesity and in conditions like diabetes, cancer, and CVD
through simple dietary supplementation." Part of the immune response
involves

macrophages, specialized white blood cells, secreting cytokines and other
proteins that cause inflammation. Fat tissue contains many macrophages that
produce

excessive cytokines, potentially causing chronic inflammation and increased
insulin resistance in neighboring cells overexposed to cytokines.

 

32.%% ADA Dental Caries in Diabetes Mellitus.. 9/28/10 A recent study
considered the possible protective role of salivary factors in patients with
T2 and

dental caries.. [398 pts]Decayed, missed, and filled teeth (DMFT) were
scored to indicate the severity of dental caries..  Blood glucose, HbA1c,and
DMFT

indices were significantly higher in those with DM compared to the controls.
Salivary flow rate, calcium, phosphate, and fluoride were all significantly

low.

 

33.%% ADA Endothelial Abnormalities in Adolescents With T1DM 9/28/10
Researchers investigated whether counts of circulating colony forming unit-
endothelial

cells (CFU-ECs), They conclude that in T1 endothelial progenitor cells
promote vascular health by facilitating endothelial integrity and function.
.

 

34.%% ADA Sleep Restriction for 1 Week Reduces Insulin Sensitivity in
Healthy Men  - Short sleep duration is associated with impaired glucose
tolerance

and an increased risk of DM. This study tests the hypothesis that decreasing
nighttime sleep duration reduces insulin sensitivity ..[20 subjects]
Conclusions—Sleep

restriction (5 h/night) for 1 week significantly reduces insulin
sensitivity, raising concerns about effects of chronic insufficient sleep on
disease processes

associated with insulin resistance.

 

35.%% M Emergency Kits for Diabetics: notes from a video by Dr. Ann Peters
9/27/10 First Dr. P showed a book ‘Diabetes 911' available from ADA.  Notes:

For those on insulin, a container such as a insulated child’s lunch box can
be used with freezer packs stored in the freezer to be inserted when needed.


Insulin should be stored in its unopened vial or pen; check the expiration
dates routinely. Add syringe, or pen needles. Remove battery from glucose
meter

before adding. Add lances and strips sealed in their vial. For hypoglycemia
add glucose tabs or gel since they take little space. Add 2 glucogen pens.

For oral meds: store in a central location - monitoring experation dates.
In your wallet etc keep a current medication list for replacing your meds if

necessary.   She pointed out these supplies are in addition to storage of
water and food etc for emergencies

 

36.%% M Look AHEAD in Print: Lifestyle Intervention Improves CV Risk Factors
in T2DM 9/29/10 [2570 in intervention grp;2575 support and Ed grp;4yr]
Patients

with T2 who followed an intensive lifestyle- intervention program aimed at
achieving and maintaining weight loss & fitness achieved those goals and
showed

significant improvements in BP, glycemic control, and some lipid measures,
compared with a usual-care control group. Levels of LDL cholesterol went
down

more in the controls, who used statins to a greater extent. "Longer follow-
up will allow us to determine whether the differences between groups in CVD

risk factors can be maintained and whether the intensive lifestyle
intervention has positive effects on CV morbidity and mortality," write the
authors,

Look AHEAD was sponsored by NIH.

 

37.%% EASD Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy Slowed With Early Detection
of Albuminuria 9/30/10 [11,000 adults with hypertension and T2] showed that

the lifetime risk for nephropathy & its progression might be greater than
previously thought. [and]  that the use of angiotensin- converting-enzyme
(ACE)

inhibitors or angiotensin- receptor blockers (ARBs) was not optimal in this
population.. The presentor said because nephropathy is a major cause of CV 

disease and end-stage renal disease, it is important to understand the
progression from normal levels of albumin excretion to micro- and
macroalbuminuria,

and to define the risk factors associated with nephropathy progression.

 

European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 46th Annual Meeting
Abbreviations:Fup-follow up; pt - patients;  DM - diabetes Mellitus; T1DM

- type 1 diabetes mellitus T2DM - type 2; DME - diabetic macular edema; GDM
gestational diabetes;PDR - proliferative diabetic retinopathy; IVTA
intravitreal

triamcinolone acetonide; FPG - fasting plasma glucose; BP - blood pressure;
CVD - cardio-vascular disease; MI -myocardial infarction or heart attack
;HTN

- hypertension or high BP; OCT - optical coherence tomography; VA - visual
acuity  -ADA - Am Diab Ass & ADA Professional.. Online; JH- Johns Hopkins
Alerts

; M- Medscape Web MD; NIH - Nat Institutes of Health;  MTD- Medical News
Today  Definitions via online Medical dictionaries.  Disclaimer, I am a BSN
RN

but not a diabetic or diabetic educator. Reports are excerpted unless
otherwise noted. This project is done as a courtesy to the blind/visually
impaired

and diabetic communities. Dawn Wilcox BSN RN Coordinator The Health Library
at Vista Center; an affiliate of the Stanford Hospital Health Library.
contact

above e-mail or 

thl at vistacenter.org     

           

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