[acb-diabetics] new treatment for type 1

[Patricia Wolf]

> New Approach to Treating Type 1 Diabetes? Transforming Gut Cells Into 
> Insulin Factories
> ScienceDaily (Mar. 11, 2012) ? A study by Columbia researchers suggests 
> that cells in the patient's intestine could be coaxed into making insulin,

> circumventing the need for a stem cell transplant. Until now, stem cell 
> transplants have been seen by many researchers as the ideal way to replace

> cells lost in type I diabetes and to free patients from insulin 
> injections.
> See Also:
> The research -- conducted in mice -- was published 11 March 2012 in the 
> journal Nature Genetics.
> Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease that destroys insulin-producing 
> cells in the pancreas. The pancreas cannot replace these cells, so once 
> they are lost, people with type I diabetes must inject themselves with 
> insulin to control their blood glucose. Blood glucose that is too high or 
> too low can be life threatening, and patients must monitor their glucose 
> several times a day.
> A longstanding goal of type I diabetes research is to replace lost cells 
> with new cells that release insulin into the bloodstream as needed. Though

> researchers can make insulin-producing cells in the laboratory from 
> embryonic stem cells, such cells are not yet appropriate for transplant 
> because they do not release insulin appropriately in response to glucose 
> levels. If these cells were introduced into a patient, insulin would be 
> secreted when not needed, potentially causing fatal hypoglycemia.
> The study, conducted by Chutima Talchai, PhD, and Domenico Accili, MD, 
> professor of medicine at Columbia University Medical Center, shows that 
> certain progenitor cells in the intestine of mice have the surprising 
> ability to make insulin-producing cells. Dr. Talchai is a postdoctoral 
> fellow in Dr. Accili's lab.
> The gastrointestinal progenitor cells are normally responsible for 
> producing a wide range of cells, including cells that produce serotonin, 
> gastric inhibitory peptide, and other hormones secreted into the GI tract 
> and bloodstream.
> Drs. Talchai and Accili found that when they turned off a gene known to 
> play a role in cell fate decisions -- Foxo1 -- the progenitor cells also 
> generated insulin-producing cells. More cells were generated when Foxo1 
> was turned off early in development, but insulin-producing cells were also

> generated when the gene was turned off after the mice had reached 
> adulthood. "Our results show that it could be possible to regrow 
> insulin-producing cells in the GI tracts of our pediatric and adult 
> patients," Dr. Accili says.
> "Nobody would have predicted this result," Dr. Accili adds. "Many things 
> could have happened after we knocked out Foxo1. In the pancreas, when we 
> knock out Foxo1, nothing happens. So why does something happen in the gut?

> Why don't we get a cell that produces some other hormone? We don't yet 
> know."
> Insulin-producing cells in the gut would be hazardous if they did not 
> release insulin in response to blood glucose levels. But the researchers 
> say that the new intestinal cells have glucose-sensing receptors and do 
> exactly that.
> The insulin made by the gut cells also was released into the bloodstream, 
> worked as well as normal insulin, and was made in sufficient quantity to 
> nearly normalize blood glucose levels in otherwise diabetic mice.
> "All these findings make us think that coaxing a patient's gut to make 
> insulin-producing cells would be a better way to treat diabetes than 
> therapies based on embryonic or iPS stem cells," Dr. Accili says. The 
> location of the cells in the gut may also prevent the diabetes from 
> destroying the new insulin-producing cells, since the gastrointestinal 
> tract is partly protected from attack by the immune system.
> The key to turning the finding into a viable therapy, Dr. Accili says, 
> will be to find a drug that has the same effect on the gastrointestinal 
> progenitor cells in people as knocking out the Foxo1 gene does in mice. 
> That should be possible, he says, since the researchers found that they 
> could also create insulin-producing cells from progenitor cells by 
> inhibiting Foxo1 with a chemical.
> "It's important to realize that a new treatment for type I diabetes needs 
> to be just as safe as, and more effective than, insulin," Dr. Accili says.

> "We can't test treatments that are risky just to remove the burden of 
> daily injections. Insulin is not simple or perfect, but it works and it is

> safe."
> The research was supported by the NIH (DK58282, DK64819, DK63608), the New

> York Stem Cell Foundation, and the Russell Berrie Foundation.
>
>
>
> ------------------------------------
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
> ----- End forwarded message -----
>
> -- 
> <Stealth> How do I bind a computer to an NIS server?
> <Joey> Use a rope?
> -- Seen on #Debian 

__._,_.___

Reply
<mailto:delgobbo59 at gmail.com?subject=Re%3A%20Maybe%20something%20new%3F%20>
to sender | Reply
<mailto:blind-diabetics at yahoogroups.com?subject=Re%3A%20Maybe%20something%20
new%3F%20>  to group | Reply
<http://groups.yahoo.com/group/blind-diabetics/post;_ylc=X3oDMTJxZmZ0Y2syBF9
TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzI3MjIyOTEEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1MTMyNzYzBG1zZ0lkAzM4NTkxBHN
lYwNmdHIEc2xrA3JwbHkEc3RpbWUDMTMzMTU3NzM0Mg--?act=reply&messageNum=38591>
via web post |
<http://groups.yahoo.com/group/blind-diabetics/post;_ylc=X3oDMTJlMXFrdGNsBF9
TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzI3MjIyOTEEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1MTMyNzYzBHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA25
0cGMEc3RpbWUDMTMzMTU3NzM0Mg--> Start a New Topic 

Messages
<http://groups.yahoo.com/group/blind-diabetics/message/38591;_ylc=X3oDMTM2Ym
F2MW9yBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzI3MjIyOTEEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1MTMyNzYzBG1zZ0lkAz
M4NTkxBHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA3Z0cGMEc3RpbWUDMTMzMTU3NzM0MgR0cGNJZAMzODU5MQ-->  in
this topic (1) 

Recent Activity: 

*
<http://groups.yahoo.com/group/blind-diabetics/members;_ylc=X3oDMTJmMGcxdTJz
BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzI3MjIyOTEEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1MTMyNzYzBHNlYwN2dGwEc2xr
A3ZtYnJzBHN0aW1lAzEzMzE1NzczNDI-?o=6> New Members 3 

 
<http://groups.yahoo.com/group/blind-diabetics;_ylc=X3oDMTJlMzE2OGk1BF9TAzk3
MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzI3MjIyOTEEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1MTMyNzYzBHNlYwN2dGwEc2xrA3ZnaHAE
c3RpbWUDMTMzMTU3NzM0Mg--> Visit Your Group 

 
<http://groups.yahoo.com/;_ylc=X3oDMTJkcjFxZjltBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzI3M
jIyOTEEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1MTMyNzYzBHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA2dmcARzdGltZQMxMzMxNTc3MzQy>
Right-click here to download pictures. To help protect your privacy, Outlook
prevented automatic download of this picture from the Internet.
Yahoo! Groups

Switch to:
<mailto:blind-diabetics-traditional at yahoogroups.com?subject=Change%20Deliver
y%20Format:%20Traditional> Text-Only,
<mailto:blind-diabetics-digest at yahoogroups.com?subject=Email%20Delivery:%20D
igest> Daily Digest .
<mailto:blind-diabetics-unsubscribe at yahoogroups.com?subject=Unsubscribe>
Unsubscribe .  <http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/> Terms of Use

.

Right-click here to download pictures. To help protect your privacy, Outlook
prevented automatic download of this picture from the Internet.

__,_._,___

 

-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: <http://www.acb.org/pipermail/acb-diabetics/attachments/20120312/15904518/attachment-0001.html>
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: image001.gif
Type: image/gif
Size: 2303 bytes
Desc: not available
URL: <http://www.acb.org/pipermail/acb-diabetics/attachments/20120312/15904518/attachment-0002.gif>
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: image002.gif
Type: image/gif
Size: 43 bytes
Desc: not available
URL: <http://www.acb.org/pipermail/acb-diabetics/attachments/20120312/15904518/attachment-0003.gif>