,! ,brl ,=um
     ,vol4 ,,xxxii ,july
        #aiic ,no4 #a

         ,publi%$ ,by
   ,! ,am]ican ,c\ncil ( !
             ,bl

     ,promot+ ,9dep5d;e &
    ,e6ective ,"picipa;n 9
           ,society

,le,roy ;,f4 ,saund]s1
  ,presid5t
,oral ,o4 ,mill]1 ,j4,d41
  ,na;nal ,repres5tative
,nolan ,crabb1 ,$itor
,nicole ,willson1 ,$itorial
  ,assi/ant

,na;nal ,(fice3
#aaee #aeth ,st41 ,n4,w4
,suite #gbj
,wa%+ton1 ,,dc #bjjje
"<#bjb"> #dfg-#ejha
,fax3 "<#bjb"> #dfg-#ejhe

  ,! ,brl ,=um is available 9
brl1 l>ge type1 half-spe$ f\r-
track cassette tape & ,,ms-
,,dos comput] disk4
,subscrip;n reque/s1 address
*anges1 & items 9t5d$ =
publica;n %d 2 s5t to3 ,nolan
,crabb1 ,! ,brl ,=um1 #aaee
#aeth ,st41 ,n4,w41 ,suite
#gbj1 ,wa%+ton1 ,,dc #bjjje4
  ,^? m*-ne$$ & appreciat$ ca%
3tribu;ns1 : >e tax d$uctible1
may 2 s5t to ,brian ,*>lson1
,tr1sur]1 #aaee #aeth ,st41
,n4,w41 ,suite #gbj1 ,wa%+ton1
,,dc #bjjje4
  ,y may wi% to rememb] a
relative or fr by %>+ 9 !
3t9u+ "w ( ! ,am]ican ,c\ncil
( ! ,bl4 ,! ,,acb ,na;nal
,(fice has available pr9t$
c>ds to ac"kl$ge to lov$ "os
3tribu;ns made 9 memory (   #b
dec1s$ p]sons4
  ,any"o wi%+ to rememb] !
,am]ican ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl 9
his_/h] ,la/ ,w & ,te/a;t may
d s by 9clud+ a special
p>agraph = t purpose4 ,if yr
wi%es >e complex1 y may 3tact
! ,,acb ,na;nal ,(fice4
  ,= ! late/ 9 legislative &
gov]n;tal news1 call !
8,wa%+ton ,3nec;n0 toll-free
at "<#hjj"> #dbd-#hfff1 #f
p4m4 to midni<t ,ea/]n "t
,mon"d "? ,fri"d4 ,wa%+ton1
,d4,c41 resid5ts only call
#cca-#bhgf4

,copy"r #aiic
,am]ican ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl





                            #c
       ,table ( ,3t5ts

,f/ ,vice ,presid5t's
    ,message1 by ,paul ,$w>ds1
    page #g
,news ,briefs f ! ,,acb
    ,na;nal ,(fice1 by ,oral
    ,o4 ,mill]1 page #aa
,,ada ,update1 by ,paul ;,w4
    ,s*ro$]1 page #af
,hill>y ,rodham ,cl9ton
    ,\tl9es ,h1l? ,c>e ,plan
    to ,wa%+ton ,audi;e1 by
    ,nicole ;,e4 ,willson1
    page #ca
,bay ,/ate ,c\ncil ,dem&s
    ,ac;n af ,tragic ,transit
    ,d1? ( ,memb]1 by ,kim
    ,*>lson1 page #dj
,am]ican ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl
    ,aw>ds ,s*ol>%ips to #ag
    ,\t/&+ ,bl ,/ud5ts1 page
    #dd

                            #d
,t\*+ ,hi/ory 9 ,memphis1 by
    ,*>les ,s4,p4 ,hodge1 page
    #di
,tak+ ,"p 9 ! ,9=ma;n ,age1 by
    ,deborah ,kaplan1 page #ed
,?irty ,ye>s ,ago 9 ! 8,=um10
    page #fa
,brl ,lit]acy & ,brl ,codes3
    ,! ,debate ,3t9ues
,i4 ,brl ,us]s ,%d ,com;t ,^u
    ! ,value ( a ,unifi$ ,brl
    ,code = ,!mvs1 by ,juliet
    ,e/]ly1 page #ff
,,ii4 ,:at ,brl ,lit]acy ,m1ns
    ,to ,me1 by ,bob ,bitts1
    page #gd
8,magaz9es ,on ,tape03 ,gd
    ,li/5+ ,at ,a ,gd ,price1
    by ,nolan ,crabb1 page #hb
,:y ,%d ,we ,2 ,advocates81 by
    ,>dis ,bazyn1 page #hg
,"h & ,"!1 by ,elizabe? ;,m4
    ,l5non1 page #ij

                            #e
,full ,9clu.n ( ,/ud5ts ,:o
    ,>e ,bl or ,visually
    ,impair$3 ,a ,posi;n
    ,pap]1 page #aji
,hi< ,te* ,swap ,%op1 page
    #aag
,,acb ,(fic]s1 page #abj

















                            #f
    ,f/ ,vice ,presid5t's
           ,message
       by ,paul ,$w>ds

  ,^? ( y :o >e att5d+ ! 3v5;n
? ye> alr "k t ,i am n seek+ a
posi;n on ,,acb's ,bo>d (
,directors4 ,i h s]v$ my
allott$ t]m z ,f/ ,vice
,presid5t & d n *oose1 at ?
"t1 to seek ano!r (fice4
,h["e1 ,i h no 9t5;n ( less5+
my 9volve;t ) ,,acb4 ,9de$1 ,i
hope \r presid5t c f9d _m jobs
= me to d4 ,i h s"eal
priorities t %d assure t ,i w
rema9 v 9volv$ 9 ! bl;s field
& 9 ! "w ( \r organiza;n4
  ,no am.t ( ef=t on my "p c
"e repay ! trem5d\s debt ,i [e
to ! memb]s ( ? organiza;n4 ,t
debt relates to ! impact ,,acb
has _h on my no;n ( :o ,i am &
h[ ,i %d p]cv ! commun;y 9 :
,i live4 ,2f my 9itia;n     #g
9to ,,acb1 ,i saw myf z a
second-class si<t$ p]son4 ,if
,i "w$ r1lly h>d & did & sd
all ! "r ?+s1 ,i wd "s "d 2
a3ept$ z 8"o ( !m40 ,i tri$ v
h>d to 3v9ce myf t te*nology1
t5ac;y & pla9 h>d "w cd
elim9ate all ve/iges ( di6];e
2t me & !m4 ,i look$ at _m (
my fell[ bl p 9 ! same way t
!y >e se5 by ! si<t$ _w4 ,i
p]cvd !m z 9consequ5tial1
pitiable non-5tities :o 7
unsu3ess;l 2c !y 7 9compet5t &
9f]ior4
  ,? attitude has1 ,i am pr\d
to say1 *ang$ a lot4 ,i h come
to r1lize t ea* ( u m/ le>n to
see \rvs "? a cle> w9d[4 ,mo/
( ! "t we gaze at \rvs "? a
/a9$-glass mirror impr9t$ ) !
values \r society has1 & we
see \rvs z ! re/ ( society
sees u4 ,we value \rvs us+ !
b5*m>ks ! commun;y1 z a     #h
:ole1 employs4
  ,,acb has help$ me get 2y ?
approa*4 ,i h come to see myf
z ,i ?9k ,i r1lly am4 ,i see
my faults & my /r5g?s )\t !
refrac;n ( society's /a9$
glass4 ,i no l;g] see bl;s z a
bli<t & an excuse4 ,x is a
"*i/ic z neutral z ! color (
my hair4 ,i c 2 pr\d ( my
4abil;y z (t5 z ,i c 2
fru/rat$ by x4 ,i c 2 op5ly
amus$ at ! problems bl;s
imposes 9/1d ( try+ to pret5d
!y don't exi/4 ,i c recognize
t my failures z a bl p]son >e
n necess>ily my fault4 ,x may
2 t ! society ,i live 9 has
made x di6icult or impossible
= me to su3e$ by xs attitudes
or ! way x does ?+s4 ,i m/ /
set hi< /&>ds = myf b !y >e my
[n4 ,!y >e n ! w>p$ no;ns ( my
abil;y t (t5 emanate f
employ]s or t1*]s4          #i
  ,_m ( y may well 2 ask+ :at
all ? has to d ) ! ,am]ican
,c\ncil ( ! ,bl8 ,well1 my
frs1 ea* & e "o ( y has help$
? "picul> bl man see ! li<t4
,y :o >e grt travel]s h help$4
,^? ( y :o c't f9d yr way \ (
a pap] bag h help$ j z m*4 ,y
see1 ,,acb has help$ me get
pa/ see+ u z 8! bl0 to p]cvg
ea* ( u z 9dividuals :o >e
di6]5tly 5abl$4 ,y h al help$
me to f9d a commun;y ( frs :o
a3ept & "u/& :o ,i am 2c !y >e
all1 9 "p1 :o ,i am1 too4
  ,at xs core1 ! ,am]ican
,c\ncil ( ! ,bl is an
organiza;n t tol]ates &
celebrates di6];e4 ,x is a
commun;y 9 : x is okay to 2 :o
y >e4 ,we1 z memb]s1 expect a
lot f ea* o!r4 ,j z \r
exp]i;es h tau<t u t bl;s does
n make u 9f]ior1 !y h 3v9c$ u
t x is no excuse1 ei4      #aj
  ,,acb is m ?an j a l>ge gr\p
( p :o h le>n$ to see !mvs
bett]4 ,,acb is al a commun;y
( id1s ab u & \r _w t1 if we
"w at x1 may pr(.dly alt] h[
o!rs see u1 too4 ,=1 y see1
,,acb has n only giv5 me a new
abil;y to see myf z ,i am2 x
has al 5abl$ me to see ! _w
>.d me 9 a di6]5t way4 ,i am
"p ( a commun;y ": ,i am
a3ept$4 ,t commun;y is /ru7l+
t[>d a 3/antly *ang+ 3s5sus ab
:o we >e & ": we "\ to 2 go+4
,,acb has giv5 me s m*4 ,let
me 5d ? message by say+ ?ank
y1 v m* to ea* & e "o ( y6

   ,news ,briefs f ! ,,acb
        ,na;nal ,(fice
     by ,oral ,o4 ,mill]1
    ,na;nal ,repres5tative

  ,) ! addi;n ( ,j5nif]
,sutton to ! ,,acb         #aa
,na;nal ,(fice ,/aff s"eal
weeks ago1 ! 9volve;t ( !
,na;nal ,(fice 9 ! prep>a;n (
! 3v5;n pr]egi/ra;n mat]ial &
! composite 3v5;n program
9cr1s$ 5orm\sly4 ,^!
activities1 : 7 p]=m$ to assi/
,na;nal ,3v5;n ,coord9ator
,john ,hor/1 gave ,na;nal
,(fice /aff memb]s a3ess to
3v5;n 9=ma;n "s:at e>li] ?an 9
pa/ ye>s1 & hope;lly ? e>li]
a3ess made x possible = 3v5;n
"qs to 2 answ]$ m promptly & )
m detail4
  ,we comm5d ag ! director &
/aff ( ! ,mississippi ,/ate
,univ]s;y ,rehabilita;n
,rese>* & ,tra9+ ,c5t] on
,bl;s & ,l[ ,vi.n = ! \t/&+
job !y 3t9ue to d 9 3duct+
relevant & use;l rese>* &
tra9+ activities4 ,x 0 my
pl1sure to take "p a few weeks
ago 9 ! #aiic meet+ ( !    #ab
,c5t]'s ,na;nal ,advisory
,c\ncil & to le>n ( ! qual;y
"w 2+ p]=m$4 ,dr4 ;,j4 ,elton
,moore1 director ( ! ,c5t]1
gave a report at ! ,,acb
,na;nal ,3v5;n 9 ,san
,francisco1 & ,i su7e/ t y may
want to obta9 a copy by ord]+
! ,,acb ,na;nal ,3v5;n ,tapes4
  ,9 rec5t weeks1 ,na;nal
,/aff memb]s assi/$ s"eal /ate
a6iliates 9 ! 3duct ( _! /ate
3v5;ns or o!r activities4
,paul ,s*ro$] spoke at !
,ill9ois ,c\ncil ,legislative
,sem9> & ! /ate 3v5;ns ( !
,,acb ( ,wiscons9 & ! ,i[a
,c\ncil ( ! ,unit$ ,bl4 ,nolan
,crabb spoke to ! memb]s ( !
,colorado ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl4
,v>i\s /aff memb]s spoke at or
o!rwise play$ major roles 9
meet+ ! ,electronics ,fronti]
,3f];e & ! ,na;nal ,3sum]
,=um1 bo? ( : d1lt         #ac
prim>ily ) telecommunica;ns
issues4
  ,h[ (t5 h y be5 put (f or
upset by ! portrayal ( a bl
p]son 9 a movie or ,,tv
program8 ,we c all recall
movies 9 : ! bl;s ( ev5 m9or
"*s 0 focus$ ^u at ! exp5se (
! role t p]son 0 suppos$ly
play+1 n to m5;n ! _m negative
& /]eotypical attitudes &
assump;ns t h be5 re9=c$ by s*
portrayals4 ,i am pl1s$ to
report t bo? ! ,scre5 ,actors
,guild & ! ,am]ican ,f$]a;n (
,televi.n & ,radio ,>ti/s %>e
"s ( \r 3c]n4 ,x 0 my pl1sure
to sp1k rec5tly z a r.d table
=um "picipant on ! program ( !
jo9t 3v5;n ( ! two
organiza;ns4 ,! two-pr;g$ ?ru/
( ! meet+ d1lt ) images (
4abl$ p z portray$ 9 ! m$ia &
! employ;t ( qualifi$ 4abl$
actors4 ,"picipants        #ad
9clud$ (ficials & /aff memb]s
f ! two unions z well z
repres5tatives f ! na;nal
4abl$ commun;y4 ,"! 0 agree;t
by 3s5sus t ! issues %d 2
pursu$ fur!r by ei a s+le-
purpose coali;n or a task =ce
( an exi/+ coali;n ( 4abil;y
organiza;ns1 : wd 2 urg$ to
9volve ! two unions to !
maximum possible ext5t4 ,d n
expect an ov]ni<t *ange on ^!
subjects2 ,i suspect "! >e alr
m movies 9 prep>a;n t f1ture
ei truly piti;l & 9ept bl "*s
or s* rem>kable bl p z to 2
unbelievable4 ,h["e1 ! meet+ :
took place "h 0 a hi/oric f/ &
we >e 3v9c$ t progress w come4
  ,i am pl1s$ to ann\nce t !
,,acb ,na;nal ,(fice college
9t]n = #aiic is ,kir/yn
,cassave*ia1 a ,new ,hamp%ire
resid5t :o has j complet$ h]
junior ye> at ,cornell     #ae
,univ]s;y1 ": %e is major+ 9
,5gli% ,lit]ature4 ,i regret
to report t z ( ! 5d ( ,july1
#aiic1 ,el5a ,h>p]1 \r na;nal
(fice adm9i/rative coord9ator
s9ce #aiia1 w 2 l1v+ ,,acb & !
,wa%+ton metropolitan >ea to
move to ano!r "p ( ! c.try4 ,i
"k t "ey"o w miss h] frly1 alw
pl1sant voice & h] tire.s
coop]a;n4 ,^? :o att5d$ !
,,acb ,na;nal ,3v5;n _h an
opportun;y to bid h] f>ewell &
gd luck1 z we d n[4

        ,,ada ,update
    by ,paul ;,w4 ,s*ro$]
    ,director ( ,gov]n;tal
           ,a6airs

  ,"s"ts x seems l ye/]"d1 &
"s"ts x seems l a decade ago1
b ,july #bf1 #aiic1 is ! ?ird
anniv]s>y ( ! sign+ ( !
,am]icans ) ,4abilities    #af
,act4 ,( c\rse1 mo/ ( !
significant provi.ns ( ! law h
only be5 9 e6ect = "o ye> to
#ah mon?s4 ,o!r provi.ns g 9to
e6ect on ,july #bf ( ? ye> & /
o!rs w n 2come e6ective until
lat]4 ,b ?ree ye>s af 5act;t1
x seems appropriate to provide
y ) a /atus report on
imple;ta;n ( ! law4

     ,e6ective ,july #bf1
            #aiic
  ,! rec5t d1? ( a visually
impair$ woman 9 ! ,,mbta
subway rail sy/em 9 ,bo/on
s]ves z a 4tress+ & p[];l
rem9d] ( "o ( ! mo/ important
a3essibil;y require;ts ( !
,,ada3 ! 9/alla;n ( a
detectable w>n+ al;g ! $ge (
plat=ms 9 rail transit /a;ns4
,by ,july #bf1 #aiic1 rail
op]ators >e suppos$ to make
8key0 rail /a;ns           #ag
a3essible by1 am;g o!r ?+s1
9/all+ a /rip ( truncat$ domes
9 a visually 3tra/+ color al;g
! $ge ( plat=ms4 ,h["e1 _m
transit au?orities h dra7$ _!
feet & ! ,u4,s4 ,de"p;t (
,transporta;n complicat$ !
picture / fur!r by propos+ to
ext5d ! d1dl9e = ! 9/alla;n (
detectable w>n+s until
,janu>y1 #aiie4 ,al? ! ,de"p;t
orig9ally made ! proposal back
9 ,novemb]1 #aiib & ext5d$ xs
com;t d1dl9e until ,febru>y1
#aiic1 x has1 at ! "t ( ?
writ+1 / n made a f9al deci.n
on ! ext5.n4 ,! result ( ?
3fu.n has m1nt t bl & visually
impair$ pass5g]s / lack
adequate w>n+s 9 mo/ transit
rail sy/ems 9 ? c.try &1
un=tunately1 t is n likely to
*ange on ,july #bf1 #aiic1 ev5
?\< $ge protec;n 0 suppos$ to
2 widely 9/all$ by t       #ah
date4 ,n"o!.s1 9dividuals &
,,acb *apt]s %d 3t9ue to "w )
local transit sy/ems to
p]suade !m to 9/all1 z soon z
possible1 detectable w>n+s
al;g rail plat=ms4
  ,ano!r significant provi.n :
goes 9to e6ect 9 ,july is !
teleph"o relay s]vice : w
5able 9dividuals ) he>+ or
spee* impair;ts :o use
specializ$ teleph"o equip;t to
communicate & 9t]act "? a
relay s]vice ) 9dividuals us+
/&>d teleph"os :o d n h s*
equip;t4

      ,compla9ts ,s ,f>
  ,= #ah mon?s mo/ private
busi;ses & s]vice provid]s
al;g ) /ate & local gov]n;t
ag5cies & transporta;n ag5cies
h be5 responsible = imple;t+
applicable provi.ns ( ! ,,ada4
,= a ye>1 ! law has be5    #ai
9 e6ect = employ]s :o employ
#be or m 9dividuals4 ,!
,de"p;t ( ,ju/ice has prim>y
au?or;y = 5=c+ ! provi.ns :
gov]n private busi;ses &
gov]n;t ag5cies "<al? 9 !
latt] category1 an appropriate
f$]al ag5cy has 5=ce;t
au?or;y"> & ! ,equal ,employ;t
,opportun;y ,commis.n 5=ces !
employ;t provi.ns ( ! law4 ,!
,de"p;t ( ,transporta;n has
prim>y responsibil;y = resolv+
compla9ts ( 4crim9a;n by
transporta;n provid]s4
  ,by f>1 ! ,,eeoc has rcvd !
mo/ compla9ts "u ,,ada4 ,z (
,april #cj1 #aiic1 #h1eje
compla9ts alleg+ 4crim9a;n 9
employ;t "u ! ,,ada h be5
lodg$ ) ! ,,eeoc4 ,9dividuals
) back impair;ts h fil$ ! mo/
compla9ts1 :ile 9dividuals )
visual impair;ts fall clos] to
! bottom ( ! li/4 ,! mo/   #bj
frequ5tly cit$ viola;ns 3c]n
4*>ge1 failure to provide
r1sonable a3ommoda;n1 hir+1
h>ass;t1 4cipl9e1 lay(f1
rehire1 wages b5efits &
promo;n4
  ,! compla9ts fil$ ) !
,de"p;t ( ,ju/ice 3c]n+ public
a3ommoda;ns numb]$ #a1acj z (
,m>* #aiic4 ,"u ! gov]n;t
s]vices sec;n ( ,title ,,ii1 !
,de"p;t ( ,ju/ice _h rcvd
#a1afg compla9ts z ( ,m>*1
#aiic4 ,few details >e
available f ! ,de"p;t (
,ju/ice ab ! nature ( ^!
compla9ts4 ,! ,de"p;t (
,transporta;n has rcvd
relatively few compla9ts s f>4

    ,curr5t ,,ada-,relat$
            ,ac;n
  ,al;g ) ! ,de"p;t (
,transporta;n deci.n on !
9/alla;n ( detectable      #ba
w>n+s on key rail /a;n
plat=ms1 o!r important deci.ns
al >e 9 ! process ( 2+ made4
,! ,u4,s4 ,>*itectural &
,transporta;n ,b>ri]s
,compli.e ,bo>d vot$ la/ fall
to urge a delay 9 ! require;t
= ! 9/alla;n ( detectable
w>n+s by private busi;ses at
loca;ns ": no curb sep>ates !
sidewalk f a /reet or driveway
or >.d unprotect$ reflect+
pools4 ,! ,a3ess ,bo>d does n
h ! au?or;y to *ange ,,ada
regula;ns2 "!=e1 ! ,de"p;t (
,ju/ice is ultimately
responsible = am5d+ ?
require;t ( ! ,,ada regula;ns
& ! ,de"p;t has n yet publi%$
a notice c>ry+ \ ! recomm5da;n
( ! ,a3ess ,bo>d4 ,:51 & if1 t
notice is publi%$1 we m/ 2
r1dy to s5d \r com;ts to !
,de"p;t object+ to ! delay4 ,?
m1ns t ! law / requires    #bb
private busi;ses to 9/all
detectable w>n+s "u c]ta9
3di;ns4 ,hotels & %opp+ malls
>e two examples ( places (
public a3ommoda;n ": bl p cd
b5efit f ! 9/alla;n (
detectable w>n+s z an aid 9
9dep5d5tly travel+ al;g
sidewalks : cross p>k+ lots1
/reets1 or driveways4
  ,:5 ! ,a3ess ,bo>d publi%$
xs propos$ guidel9es = a3ess 9
/ate & local gov]n;t
facilities 9 ,decemb] #aiib1
_m ,,acb memb]s express$ an
9t]e/ 9 5sur+ t ! ,bo>d he>d
ab ! a3ess 3c]ns ( p :o >e bl
or visually impair$4 ,at five
public he>+s & 9 volumes (
writt5 com;ts1 ! ,bo>d he>d a
v>iety ( com;ts reg>d+ ! a3ess
ne$s ( bl p4 ,! ,bo>d is n
expect$ to draw up xs f9al
guidel9es until late ? ye>4
  ,! ,equal ,employ;t      #bc
,opportun;y ,commis.n al
3t9ues to ref9e xs guid.e
relat+ to c]ta9 employ;t
4crim9a;n issues : 7 n cle>ly
def9$ 9 ! ,,ada4 ,! ,commis.n
has set =? ,9t]im ,5=ce;t
,guid.e reg>d+ employ]-provid$
h1l? 9sur.e plans : >e alleg$
to 2 4crim9atory 2c ( 4abil;y-
bas$ 4t9c;ns4 ,! guid.e is
9t5d$ to 2 us$ by ,,eeoc :5 x
9ve/igates compla9ts (
4crim9a;n bas$ on an employ]'s
h1l? 9sur.e plan : b>s cov]age
( specific 4abl+ 3di;ns4
,9ve/igators w try to det]m9e
if a "picul> 4abil;y or gr\p (
4abl+ 3di;ns1 or tr1t;t = a
4abil;y or gr\p ( relat$
3di;ns1 is exclud$ f cov]age4
,if 9ve/igators f9d t s*
4t9c;ns >e 9clud$ 9 ! h1l?
9sur.e policy ( an employ]1 !
employ] m/ prove ! ne$ = !
4t9c;n4 ,am;g o!r ?+s1 !   #bd
employ] m/ prove t 4t9c;ns >e
n 9t5d$ z a m1ns ( avoid+ hir+
an applicant ) a 4abil;y4
,employ]s w 2 ask$ to provide
factual data "<s* z actu>ial
risk 9=ma;n"> support+ !
4t9c;ns1 or evid;e t !
4abil;y-bas$ 4t9c;n is nec to
avoid una3eptable *anges to or
fiscal 9/abil;y ( ! h1l?
9sur.e plan4 ,,eeoc w
ev5tually seek 9=ma;n ab
broad] b5efit problems "u !
employ;t sec;n ( ! ,,ada1 s* z
equal a3ess to h1l? 9sur.e1 &
cle>] guid.e on actu>ial
pr9ciples z !y relate to 4abl+
3di;ns4

    ,,ada ,major ,provi.ns
  ,z a rem9d]1 "h >e "s ( !
key provi.ns 9 ! ,,ada : >e (
"picul> value to p :o >e bl or
visually impair$4 ,? is only a
summ>y1 s pl1se d n rely   #be
on ? 9=ma;n z a legal
9t]preta;n4

          ,employ;t
  ,employ]s ) #be or m
employees _c 4crim9ate ag/
9dividuals on ! basis (
4abil;y 9 recruit;t1 hir+1
te/+1 promo;ns1 comp5sa;n1
tra9+1 & 9 mo/ o!r aspects (
employ;t 9clud+ ! provi.n (
fr+e b5efits "<employ]s ) #ae
or m employees w 2 subject to
! ,,ada on ,july #bf1 #aiid">4
,cov]$ employ]s m/ provide
r1sonable a3ommoda;ns to
qualifi$ applicants or
employees ) 4abilities1 :5
nec1 un.s to d s wd impose an
undue h>d%ip on ! employ]4
,9dividuals ) 4abilities may
br+ compla9ts ( 4crim9a;n to !
,,eeoc = 5=ce;t or !y may ask
! ,,eeoc = a lr p]mitt+ a c\rt
suit4 ,to file a           #bf
compla9t or = m 9=ma;n1 write
to ! ,(fice ( ! ,,ada1 ,equal
,employ;t ,opportun;y
,commis.n1 #ahja ;,l ,/reet1
,,nw1 ,wa%+ton1 ,,dc #bjejg1
or call "<#bjb"> #ffc-#dejc4

        ,transporta;n
  ,public & private
transporta;n provid]s _c d5y
transporta;n s]vices to
9dividuals 2c ( a 4abil;y4
,provid]s ( fix$ r\te public
transporta;n m/ provide
comple;t>y1 comp>able
p>atransit s]vices to
9dividuals :o1 2c ( factors
relat+ to _! 4abl+ 3di;n1
9clud+ bl;s1 >e unable to use
! fix$ r\te sy/em4 ,p>atransit
s]vices m/ 2 available to
9dividuals al;g a 8corridor0 :
is bas$ on a fix$ r\te bus or
rail l9e2 s]vices m/ 2
available dur+ ! same      #bg
h\rs z ! fix$ r\te s]vice on a
giv5 corridor4 ,transporta;n
provid]s c imple;t !
p>atransit s]vice ov] a five
ye> p]iod : 2gan on ,janu>y
#bf1 #aiib1 exp&+ ! s]vice ea*
ye>4 ,fix$ r\te bus or rail
sy/ems m/ 9corporate a3ess
f1tures s* z3 brl & l>ge pr9t
signage1 detectable w>n+s1
s*$ules 9 a3essible =mats1 &
public address sy/ems4
,compla9ts 3c]n+ transporta;n
c 2 fil$ ) ! ,u4,s4 ,de"p;t (
,transporta;n4 ,! ,de"p;t (
,ju/ice may 2 5li/$ to 5=ce !
,,ada nondiscrim9a;n
require;ts = private provid]s
( transporta;n4 ,to file a
compla9t1 or = m 9=ma;n1 write
to ! ,(fice ( ,civil ,"rs1
,f$]al ,transit ,adm9i/ra;n1
,de"p;t ( ,transporta;n1 #djj
,sev5? ,/reet1 ,,sw1 ,wa%+ton1
,,dc #bjeij1 or call       #bh
"<#bjb"> #cff-#djah4

      ,gov]n;t ,s]vices
  ,9dividuals ) 4abilities _c
2 exclud$ f1 or d5i$ "picipa;n
in1 any s]vice1 program or
activ;y 3duct$ by /ate & local
gov]n;t1 2c ( 4abil;y4 ,all
gov]n;t s]vices1 communica;ns1
& new facilities m/ 2
a3essible to 9dividuals )
4abilities4 ,/ate & local
gov]n;t ag5cies may ne$ to
alt] exi/+ policies or
proc$ures1 or provide auxili>y
aids or s]vices to 5sure t
9dividuals ) 4abilities h an
equal opportun;y to b5efit f !
s]vice1 program or activ;y 2+
(f]$4 ,! ,de"p;t ( ,ju/ice has
prim>y responsibil;y =
imple;t+ ^! require;ts1 al?
o!r f$]al ag5cies al 5=ce ^!
require;ts4
                           #bi
     ,public ,a3ommoda;ns
  ,a fairly compreh5sive li/ (
twelve categories ( private
busi;ses or s]vice provid]s >e
prohibit$ f 4crim9at+ ag/
9dividuals ) 4abilities4
,4crim9a;n may 9clude s* ?+s z
refus+ to provide an auxili>y
aid or s]vice to 5able an
9dividual to h a3ess to pr9t$
mat]ial1 refus+ to modify a
policy or practice1 refus+ to
remove a b>ri] to a3ess =
9dividuals ) 4abilities1
refus+ admitt.e to an
9dividual us+ a s]vice animal
"<e4g4 dog guides"> or n
provid+ an exam or c\rse 9 a
mann] a3essible to an
9dividual ) a 4abil;y4 ,newly
3/ruct$ build+s or facilities1
or alt]a;ns ( build+s or
facilities1 m/ 2 r1dily
a3essible to & usable by
9dividuals ) 4abilities4   #cj
,a3essibil;y 9cludes s* items
z 9/alla;n ( detectable w>n+s1
c]ta9 walkways & reflect+
pools1 9/alla;n ( ,brl & l>ge-
pr9t signage on elevators &
rooms1 & elim9a;n ( protrud+
objects al;g walk ways4
,5=ce;t c 2 obta9$ "? !
,de"p;t ( ,ju/ice1 or1 "? a
c\rt suit4 ,= m 9=ma;n or to
file a compla9t on gov]n;t
s]vices or public a3ommoda;ns1
write to3 ,civil ,"rs ,divi.n1
,de"p;t ( ,ju/ice1 ,t5? ,/reet
& ,3/itu;n ,av5ue1 ,n4,w41
,wa%+ton1 ,,dc #bjecj1 or call
"<#bjb"> #cjg-#bbbg4

   ,hill>y ,rodham ,cl9ton
   ,\tl9es ,h1l? ,c>e ,plan
     to ,wa%+ton ,audi;e
   by ,nicole ;,e4 ,willson

  ,,wa%+ton ,- ,dur+ a spee*
at ,george ,wa%+ton        #ca
,univ]s;y "h on ,may #be1 ,f/
,lady ,hill>y ,rodham ,cl9ton
\tl9$ "s ( ! issues : %e hopes
h] h1l? c>e task =ce's plan w
address4
  ,cl9ton 2gan by comm5d+ !
ef=ts ( ! _m gr\ps :o att5d$ !
3f];e4 8,= ! la/ decade1 _m (
y h be5 on ! =efront ( $ucat+
! public ab ! issues 3front+ u
bo? on a human scale & an
economic "o40 ,%e al /at$ t
ov] ! pa/ ye>1 %e _h le>n$ t
imple;t+ *ange c 2 h>d4 8"<,_m
>e"> >ray$ ag/ *ange = _! [n
purposes1 b if y 2lieve1 z we
d1 t "p ( :at ! elec;n 0 ab 0
a3ept+ responsibil;y = !
problems ( ? c.try & 2+ will+
to tackle "s h>d *oices1 !n ,i
hope t y w /ay ) u z we travel
d[n ? road tgr40
  ,cl9ton emphasiz$ t mak+
di6icult deci.ns on h1l? c>e
requires t p "u/&          #cb
exactly :at is at /ake 9 h1l?
c>e re=m4 8,i _c emphasize too
/r;gly h[ all ( yr grass-roots
ef=ts >e critical & ne$ to 2
d\bl$ & re-d\bl$ ag40
  ,9 h] 4cus.ns >.d ! c.try1
,cl9ton has f.d t p t5d to
focus on _! [n specific
problems ) ! co/ ( h1l? c>e1 &
don't r1lize h[ 9t]connect$ !
5tire h1l? c>e package w be4
,= example1 %e sd t :ile mo/ p
seem to 2 satisfi$ ) _!
9sur.e1 !y fe> dim9i%$ cov]age
& 9cr1s$ co/s4 ,9 addi;n1 !y
>e reluctant to pay v m* m
!mvs to help cov] p :o >e
un9sur$4 ,h["e1 un9sur$ p 5d
up gett+ ! mo/ exp5sive h1l?
c>e by go+ 9to em]g5cy rooms1
(t5 af an ill;s has 2come
sev]e due to lack ( previ\s
c>e4 8,?10 expla9$ ,cl9ton1
8is "o ( ! r1sons :y a p]son )
9sur.e 5ds up pay+ @s#ai   #cc
= e ,tyl5ol ,- 9 ord] to pay =
! "<un9sur$"> p]son 9 ! room
next door4 ,mo/ p don't "e see
! 3nec;n 2t uncomp5sat$ c>e &
_! [n 9sur.e rates4 ,t's j "o
( ! _m examples we h to look =
to help p "u/& :at is at /ake
9 ? debate40
  ,cl9ton !n li/$ five issues
: %e 3c5trates on 9 ! h1l? c>e
debate3 secur;y1 co/s1 qual;y1
*oice & simplic;y4 8,ea* ( ^?
five ^ws /&s = a s]ies (
attitudes1 expecta;ns1 &
feel+s : we hope to make cle>
:5 we pres5t a compreh5sive
plan40
  ,%e /at$ t secur;y 0 a *ief
3c]n = p :o frequ5tly lack a
s5se ( secur;y ev5 if !y >e
9sur$4 8,:5 y h #ajj1jjj
,am]icans a mon? los+ 9sur.e1
:5 y h employ]s %opp+ >.d &
f9d+ x 9cr1s+ly di6icult to
provide ! same b5efits     #cd
at ! same co/s due to 9fla;n
adju/;ts1 :5 y h p :o see _!
frs & nei<bors 2+ laid (f or
hav+ _! retire;t b5efits ripp$
\ f "u !m1 "! is a grt d1l (
9secur;y40 ,"o ( ! prim>y
9t5;ns ( h] h1l? c>e plan1 %e
sd1 is to make all p1 reg>d.s
( 9sur.e /atus or _! h1l?
/atus1 feel t !y w h a3ess to
! h1l? c>e sy/em & to a
compreh5sive b5efit plan4 ,%e
/ress$ t ? w n j apply to !
un9sur$4 8,y _c w9 a na;nal
debate if t is ! focus4 ,!
un9sur$ des]ve to h secur;y s
t "ey"o w 2 m secure40
  ,! next issue expla9$ 0
co/s1 : ,cl9ton sd _h to 2
able to 2 3troll$ e6ectively4
8,"? ! e6ective 3trol ( co/s w
come a realloca;n ( res\rces
)9 a h1l? c>e sy/em t w d a
bett] job tak+ c>e ( m p40
,cl9ton claim$ t too m*    #ce
( curr5t h1l? c>e co/s >e go+
to support 8pap]"w0 hospitals1
": ! m"oy 8provides = cl]ks :o
>e *eck+ & fill+ \ =ms1 &
9sur.e "uwrit]s :o >e sp5d+ _!
"t try+ to figure \ :o does &
does n get 9sur.e4 444 ,if we
3trol ! co/s t we're talk+ ab1
we elim9ate f ! sy/em a lot (
^? f1tures t h v ll or no?+ to
d ) ! /atus ( any"o's h1l?40
,m"oy curr5tly us$ to support
! 8pap]"w0 hospitals c 2 bett]
utiliz$ else":4
  ,! ?ird >ea : ,cl9ton 4cuss$
0 qual;y4 ,nobody1 %e sd1
wants to d any?+ : w "um9e !
qual;y ( ! h1l?-c>e sy/em4 ,p
want to see 8gd doctor-pati5t
rela;n%ips t l1d to bett]
\tcomes2 m opportunities = p
to get 9=ma;n ab qual;y 444 s
t !y c 2 bett] 3sum]s ( h1l?
c>e40 ,cl9ton pr$ict$ t !
opposi;n to ! task =ce's   #cf
h1l? c>e plan w focus
specifically on ! issue (
qual;y4 8,no "o's go+ to say1
,8,don't pass ? h1l?-c>e plan2
x w cut \r pr(its4,0 ,x w 2
play$ \ ) "sbody 9 a :ite coat
444 :o1 9 a v ,m>cus ,welby
way1 says ,8,be c>e;l4 ,we've
alw _h ! f9e/ qual;y h1l? c>e
9 ! _w4 ,!y ,- !y ,- want to
take x away f y4,0 ,t w 2 !
>gu;t1 2c t is ": p's desire =
secur;y w run /rai<t up ag/ _!
fe> ( failure4 ,z bad z ?+s >e
n[ 444 at l1/ we feel "s:at
com=table 9 x 2c ! qual;y is
absolutely key40 ,cl9ton
/ress$ t )\t qual;y1 "! won't
2 ! k9d ( re=m t p >e hop+ to
see4
  ,! issue ( *oice w 2 !
opposi;n's second l9e ( attack
af ! 8qual;y0 comm]cials4
,cl9ton pr$ict$ t oppon5ts w
frame ! issue z1 8,!y      #cg
want to take yr doctor away f
y4 ,!y want to prev5t y f see+
:o y want to see40 ,cl9ton
hop$ to 2 able to prove t
*oice wd / 2 z free z possible
"u ! new plan4
  ,! f9al issue1 simplic;y1 is
al ( *ief 3c]n to ! task =ce4
8,we c expla9 ? to p4 ,if !y
c't feel com=table 2+ able to
navigate _! way "? x1 !n t too
w 2 a roadblock to re=m10 %e
sd4
  ,%e 3clud$ h] talk by ?ank+
! memb]s ( ! audi;e once ag =
_! 9put 9to ! re=m process ?us
f>4 8,i ?9k1 ?\<1 t z f> z we
h all "w$ to get to ? po9t 9
"t1 x is only ! 2g9n+40 ,%e sd
t af ! plan is 9troduc$1 8we w
h an 5orm\s task cut \ = u )
$ucat+ p & 3v9c+ ,3gress to
vote = x40 ,af ! legisla;n is
pass$1 8we w al h an 5orm\s
task to make sure x "ws    #ch
! way we want x to "w1 & e /ep
al;g ! way 444 we w ne$ grass-
roots organiza;ns1 p l yrvs1
:o >e "! n only to help move x
al;g1 b to "u/& :at %d 2 d"o
to make x su3ess;l40
  ,cl9ton al /at$ t %e 2liev$
t all ! gr\ps pres5t at !
3f];e >e "w+ t[>ds ! same
goal4 8,?\< "! may 2 4agree;t1
"<?\<"> "! may 2 ways yr
organiza;n wd h d"o x di6]5tly
f "sbody else's organiza;n 444
,i hope t we w h a unit$ front
on 2half ( h1l? c>e4 ,2lieve
me1 "! w 2 p \ "! :o d n want
any?+ *ang$ 444 & if we >e n
/r;gly unit$ & prep>$ to r1*
acr l9es t divide u 9 ord] to
h z /r;g a front z possible1
we w 2 pick$ (f "o by "o40
  ,cl9ton 3clud$ ! 4cus.n by
tak+ "qs f memb]s ( ! audi;e1
9 : %e 5um]at$ h[ %e hop$ h]
plan wd help gr\ps s* z    #ci
! poor1 us]s ( home c>e1 & p )
pre-exi/+ 3di;ns1 :o 7
previ\sly un9surable4

      ,bay ,/ate ,c\ncil
   ,dem&s ,ac;n af ,tragic
    ,transit ,d1? ( ,memb]
       by ,kim ,*>lson

  ,m>g>et 8,pe7y0 ,mc,c>?y1
#df1 sp5t mo/ ( h] adult life
help+ o!rs cope ) vi.n loss4
,! s+le p>5t ( a #af-ye>-old
son1 %e 0 an \tspok5 advocate
= p]sons :o >e bl or visually
impair$4 ,%e n only volunte]$
h] s]vices z ! *air ( !
,massa*usetts ,commis.n = !
,bl ,advisory ,c\ncil & z an
(fice "w] = ! ,,vi.n ,f.da;n1
b %e 0 al an active memb] (
,guide ,dog ,us]s (
,massa*usetts & ! ,bay ,/ate
,c\ncil ( ! ,bl4 ,pe7y 0 al
att5d+ ! ,univ]s;y (       #dj
,massa*usetts ,bo/on1 s t %e
cd 3t9ue to "w ) eld]s :o 7
los+ _! vi.n4
  ,on ,june #i1 #aiic1 ,pe7y
di$ z ! result ( 9juries %e
su/a9$ :5 %e fell 9to a subway
pit ( ! ,massa*usetts ,bay
,transit ,au?or;y on ,june
#dth4 ,! fall1 : took place at
! ,som]ville ,davis ,squ>e
,/a;n1 locat$ 9 a suburb (
,bo/on1 left ,pe7y ) a brok5
>m1 cuts1 bruises1 & sev]e
burns to h] >ms1 back & %\ld]s
f h] 3tact ) ! hi< voltage
?ird rail4 ,pe7y _h be5
travel+ to meet ano!r bl fr =
an ev5+ at ! movies :5 %e
fell4 ,brian ,*>lson1
,presid5t ( ! ,bay ,/ate
,c\ncil ( ! ,bl1 call$ =1
8p]sons :o >e bl to come tgr &
dem& ! 9/alla;n ( tactile w>n+
/rips t c 2 detect$ "ufoot or
) a cane4 ,pe7y's d1? %d   #da
galvanize ! bl commun;y 9to a
s+le voice call+ = imm ac;n4
,we h alw /at$ t ^! detectable
w>n+s wd save lives1 & n[ we h
su6]$ ! d1? ( "o ( \r [n :ile
/udies & n 9/alla;ns 3t9ue40
  ,d5ise ,k>u?1 =m] ,*air ( !
,gov]nor's ,commis.n on
,a3essible ,transporta;n1 sd1
8,we've be5 pu%+ ! ,,mbta ab !
ne$ = detectable w>n+s = ov]
sev5 ye>s1 & ! "t = imple;ta;n
is n[4 ,pe7y mi<t h recogniz$
a detectable w>n+1 b %e didn't
h t *.e40
  8,! ,am]icans ) ,4abilities
,act 0 sign$ 9to law alm ?ree
ye>s ago10 /at$ ,,bscb
,legislative ,*air1 ,jamal
,mazrui1 8& x requires t
detectable w>n+s 2 9/all$ on
plat=m $ges4 ,! bl commun;y
calls ^u ! ,,mbta to comply )
! lr & ! _s ( ! law )\t fur!r
delay40                    #db
  ,brian ,*>lson fur!r /at$ t
he has bo? writt5 to & 3v]s$ )
,john ,haley1 ,g5]al ,manag] (
! ,,mbta & has reque/$ a meet+
2t ! ,bay ,/ate ,c\ncil ( !
,bl1 ,,mbta manage;t1 &
repres5tatives f ! ,commis.n =
! ,bl to 4cuss g5]al safety
issues & ! ,,mbta's plan = !
9/alla;n ( detectable w>n+s on
subway plat=ms4
  ,laurie ,doyle1 ! fr ,pe7y 0
to meet t ev5+1 sd1 8,dur+ h]
hospitaliza;n1 ,pe7y express$
! ne$ = detectable w>n+s1 s
"s"o else wd n 2 9jur$4 ,until
! ;,t s]i\sly addresses safety
issues & 9/alls detectable
w>n+s 9 all /a;ns1 ! h1l+
process = ! bl commun;y _c
truly 2g940
  ,commis.n = ! ,bl ,commis.n]
,*>les ,craw=d sd1 8,! be/ way
we c honor ,pe7y is to 9/all
^? tactile w>n+s40         #dc
   ,am]ican ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl
   ,aw>ds ,s*ol>%ips to #ag
      ,\t/&+ ,bl ,/ud5ts

  ,at xs #cbnd annual na;nal
3v5;n 9 ,san ,francisco1
,calif41 ! ,am]ican ,c\ncil (
! ,bl aw>d$ xs #aiic s*ol>%ips
to #ag \t/&+ bl /ud5ts f "?\t
! c.try4 ,! aw>ds >e giv5 to
/ud5ts 9 academic1 pr(es.nal &
voca;nal curricula at !
"ugraduate & graduate levels4
,hundr$s ( qualifi$ bl &
visually impair$ /ud5ts appli$
= ^! honors4 ,approximately
#ac ( ! w9n]s att5d$ ! 3v5;n 9
,san ,francisco ? mon? to rcv
_! aw>ds & take "p 9 o!r /ud5t
activities4
  ,! w9n]s ( ! ?ree ,,acb
s*ol>%ips 9 ! graduate
category >e ,dan ,simpson1 (
,t[son1 ,md41 ,behnaz ,s\lati
( ,i[a ,c;y1 ,i[a1 &       #dd
,rob]t ,*appell1 ( ,*ampaign1
,ill4 ,simpson is pursu+ an
,m4,a4 9 ,5gli% at ,johns
,hopk9s ,univ]s;y 9
,baltimore1 ,md4 ,s\lati1 :o
is ! recipi5t ( ! ,mae ,david[
,s*ol>%ip1 is "w+ t[>d h]
,m4,a4 9 comput] sci;e &
,fr5*4 ,*appell is pursu+ an
,m4,a4 9 ,g]manic /udies at !
,univ]s;y ( ,ill9ois1 ,urbana4
  ,! w9n]s ( ! s*ol>%ips 9 !
"ugraduate category >e ,m>ilyn
,b1upeurt ( ,wi*ita1 ,kan41 &
,%awn ,mayo ( ,belleville1
,ill4 ,b1upeurt is "w+ t[>ds a
,b4,a4 9 social "w at ,wi*ita
,/ate ,univ]s;y4 ,mayo w /udy
at ,bradley ,univ]s;y 9
,peoria1 ,ill41 ) ! ultimate
goal ( obta9+ an ,m4,a4 9
psy*ology4
  ,9 ! 5t]+ fre%m5 category1 !
w9n]s >e ,jack ,*5 (
,pla9sboro1 ,n4,j41 &      #de
,lori ,mill] f ,w>saw1 ,9d4
,*5 w att5d ,h>v>d ,univ]s;y1
": he w /udy comput] sci;e4
,mill] w 2 /udy+ communica;ns
& pre-law at ,notre ,dame4
  ,donna ,grimm+]1 ( ,tampa1
,fla41 & ,alma ,h>ris1 ( ,san
,diego1 ,calif41 >e ! w9n]s (
,,acb's voca;nal_/te*nical
s*ol>%ips4 ,grimm+] is /udy+
tradi;nal ,*9ese m$ic9e at !
,suncoa/ ,s*ool ( ,acupuncture
9 ,tampa1 & ,h>ris is pursu+
an ,,aa degree 9 (fice 9=ma;n
sy/ems f ! ,san ,diego ,c;y
,college4
  ,! #aiic ,melva ;,t4 ,[5
,memorial ,s*ol>%ip 0 aw>d$ to
,ramona ,pi]son ( ,rangely1
,colo4 ,pi]son is pursu+ a
,,ba 9 psy*ology at ,=t ,lewis
,college 9 ,durango1 ,colo4
  ,! ,teles5sory ,corpora;n
,s*ol>%ip1 2+ adm9i/]$ by
,,acb = ! sev5? ye>1 0     #df
aw>d$ to ,imke ,durre ( ,=t
,coll9s1 ,colo41 :o w 2 pursu+
h] ,b4,s4 9 appli$ ma!matics
at ,yale ,univ]s;y4
  ,pursuant to a 2que/ f a
,p5nsylvania resid5t1 !
,am]ican ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl
pres5t$ s*ol>%ips to ?ree
,p5nsylvania /ud5ts4 ,! w9n]s
? ye> >e ,qi;g ,du (
,philadelphia1 ,&rew ,salam"o
( ,roy]s=d1 & ,jody ,sack (
,rosemont4 ,du is /udy+
ele;t>y $uca;n & ,5gli% at
,camd5 ,c.ty ,college 9 ,new
,j]sey4 ,salam"o is pursu+ a
,b4,a4 9 hi/ory at ,lock ,hav5
,univ]s;y ( ,p5nsylvania4
,sack is att5d+ ! ,univ]s;y (
,virg9ia 9 ,*>lottesville &
pursu+ a ,b4,a4 9 hi/ory4
  ,= ! ?ird ye>1 ,,acb is
pres5t+ two s*ol>%ips fund$ by
,na;nal ,9du/ries = ! ,bl4 ,^!
s*ol>%ips 7 aw>d$ to       #dg
,scott ,mey]s ( ,gre5field1
,wis41 & ,amy ,van ,boxtel (
,madison1 ,wis4 ,mey]s att5ds
! ,milwaukee ,s*ool ( ,5g9e]+1
": he is e>n+ a ,b4,s4 9
,manage;t ,sy/ems4 ,van
,boxtel is pursu+ an ,m4,s4 )
specializa;n 9 m>ket+ rese>*
at ! ,univ]s;y ( ,wiscons94
  ,9 addi;n to ! abv s*ol>%ip
recipi5ts1 ,kimb]ly ,morr[1 :o
rcvd ! ,s*ol>%ip 9 ,memory (
,anne ,pek> 9 #aiib1 3t9ues to
rcv ! funds f t s*ol>%ip ?
ye>4 ,morr[1 ( ,ov]l& ,p>k1
,kan41 is e>n+ an ,m4,a4 9
,g]man f ! ,univ]s;y ( ,kansas
9 ,lawr;e4
  ,applica;ns = ! #aiid ,,acb
s*ol>%ips w 2 available 9 late
fall ( #aiic4 ,= m 9=ma;n1
3tact ! ,,acb ,na;nal ,(fice
at #aaee #aeth ,st41 ,,nw1
,suite #gbj1 ,wa%+ton1 ,,dc1
#bjjje1 "<#hjj"> #dbd-     #dh
#hfff1 2t #c3#jj & #e3#cj p4m4
,ea/]n "t week"ds4

   ,t\*+ ,hi/ory 9 ,memphis
     by ,*>les ;,s4 ;,p4
    ,hodge1 ,,acb ,second
       ,vice ,presid5t

  ,a rec5t ,memorial ,"d
week5d trip f.d me 9 ,memphis4
,:ile "!1 9 ! company ( a
"pially si<t$ fr1 ,i visit$ a
r unique & hi<ly a3essible
museum exhibit ,- an exhibit y
won't want to miss if y're 9
,memphis ? summ]4 ,my fr & ,i
decid$ we want$ to see !
5orm\s exhibi;n 3c]n+ ! life &
"ts ( ,napoleon ,bona"pe1 :
op5$ at ! ,cook ,3v5;n &
,exhibi;n ,c5t] 9 ,memphis 9
late ,april ( ? ye>4 ,!
,napoleon exhibi;n1 : is drawn
f approximately #ej di6]5t
museums & private          #di
collec;ns1 (f]s lit]ally ?\s&s
( items f ! ,napoleonic ]a =
public view4 ,^! items 9clud$
orig9al docu;ts s* z ! orig9al
volumes ( a ,napoleonic code &
_m g5u9e >tifacts s* z uni=ms1
o!r pieces ( c\rt dress1 &
unbelievably valuable pieces (
gem-/udd$ c\rt jewelry1 9clud+
cr[ns1 diadems1 & bracelets4
,( c\rse1 all ( ^! items >e
5clos$ 9 climate-3troll$ glass
4play cases1 ?us mak+ !m
virtually 9a3essible to ^? ( u
:o >e bl4 ,ev5 ?\< ! sponsors
( ! exhibit h put tgr a
pr(es.nally develop$ exhibi;n
t\r cassette tape n>rat$ by
actress ,patricia ,n1l1 : is
available = all :o g "? !
museum1 my fr & ,i mi<t well h
lo/ m* ( :at ! exhibi;n (f]s
if x 7 n = a v special p]son &
8 v special organiza;n4
  ,dr4 ,john ,hu<es1 a     #ej
memb] ( ! ,am]ican ,c\ncil ( !
,bl's ,memphis *apt]1 />t$ an
organiza;n ab t5 ye>s ago
call$ ,>ts = ! ,bl & ,visually
,impair$4 ,tgr1 ,hu<es & ,>ts
= ! ,bl & ,visually ,impair$ h
"w$ ov] ! ye>s ) _m gall]ies &
museums 9 ! ,memphis >ea1
9clud+ ! c;y-run ,cook ,3v5;n
& ,exhibi;n ,c5t]1 to make >t
%[s & exhibi;ns m a3essible to
! bl & visually impair$4 ,9 !
case ( ! ,napoleon exhibi;n1
,hu<es & 8 organiza;n h >rang$
to h life-scale replicas ( _m
( ! exhibi;n's mo/ 9t]e/+ &
important 4play items made \ (
papi]-ma*e & o!r mat]ials4 ,he
has cr1t$ a small b
repres5tative h&s-on m9i-
exhibi;n f ! ,napoleon
exhibi;n xf4 ,! h&s-on m9i-
exhibi;n cr1t$ by ,>ts = ! ,bl
& ,visually ,impair$ 9cludes
approximately #bj pieces   #ea
9clud+ >ticles ( clo?+ &
pieces ( jewelry4 ,! exhibi;n
r1lly came alive = me :5 ,i cd
t\* & exam9e a life-scale
replica ( ! diamond-/udd$
necklace 3ta9+ m ?an #a1jjj
9dividual diamonds at a c>at
wei<t ( approximately #bgj
c>ats1 : ,napoleon _h giv5 8
second wife ,m>ie-,l\ise z a
gift ^u ! o3a.n ( ! bir? ( _!
son 9 #ahaa4
  ,:ile ! mat]ials 9 ! replica
7 obvi\sly non-preci\s1 ,i cd
feel ! size & spac+ 2t ea*
depict$ gem/"o4 ,i al 0 able
to feel & exam9e at my leisure
o!r items s* z a br1/plate
worn at ! battle ( ,wat]loo1 :
_h a cannonball hole 9 x4 ,!
replicat$ >tifacts made
possible by ,>ts = ! ,bl &
,visually ,impair$ r1lly made
! ,napoleon exhibi;n come
alive = me4 ,! ,napoleon   #eb
exhibi;n w rema9 op5 at !
,cook ,3v5;n & ,exhibi;n ,c5t]
9 ,memphis "? ,septemb] #bb (
? ye>4 ,s1 if any ( y bl or
visually impair$ >t or hi/ory
bu6s >e pass+ "? ,memphis at
any "t 9 ! next few mon?s1 ,i
/r;gly recomm5d t y call ah1d
& 3tact ! ,cook ,3v5;n &
,exhibi;n ,c5t]4 ,!y w 2 happy
to put y 9 t\* ) ,dr4 ,john
,hu<es1 :o 9 turn w 2 happy to
guide y "? ! h&s-on m9i-
exhibi;n f ! ,napoleon
exhibi;n4 ,i 2lieve t y w f9d
! exp]i;e /imulat+ & ?"\
provok+4







                           #ec
    ,tak+ ,"p 9 ! ,9=ma;n
             ,age
     by ,deborah ,kaplan
    ,director ( ,te*nology
   ,policy1 ,_w ,9/itute on
           ,4abil;y

  "<,! foll[+ is an exc]pt (
,deborah ,kaplan's spee* to !
,massa*usetts ,rehabilita;n
,commis.n's annual 3sum]s
3f];e4">
  ,i've be5 "w+ on a3ess to
telecommunica;ns = p )
4abilities 2c x is a cross-
cutt+ issue a6ect+ p ) all
k9ds ( 4abilities4 ,x is a
true coali;n issue t we ne$ to
"w tgr on z we move 9to !
future4
  ,x's n j voice-teleph"o
s]vices anymore1 : is :at mo/
p 9 ! g5]al public t5d to ?9k
( :5 y say telecommunica;ns or
teleph"o s]vice4 ,& = ^?   #ed
( u 9 ! 4abil;y commun;y1 x's
n j relay s]vices1 : is :at !
,am]icans ) ,4abilities ,act
focuses on4 ,vital & important
z relay s]vices >e1 "!'s a lot
m to come4
  ,"! >e "qs t we1 z 4abl$ p1
r1lly "\ to 2 ask+ ab em]g+
new te*nologies4 ,w ! video t
w soon 2 com+ ov] ! teleph"o
l9es & is n[ on cable 2
cap;n$8 ,w "! 2 descriptive
video8 ,w x 2 a3essible 9 ways
t exi/ n[1 t we w 2 able to
take advantage (8 ,& w t
a3essibil;y 2 built 9to !
net"w >*itecture s t x's a
normal1 natural ?+8 ,or is !
4abil;y move;t go+ to get
9volv$ lat] ?an x %d & h to
>gue ) regulators & ! 9du/ry
ab retrofitt+8 ,n only is ? m
exp5sive1 x results 9 less
satisfactory solu;ns = u4
  ,! answ] to !            #ee
a3essibil;y "qs lies ) u4 ,if
we >5't "! po9t+ \ ! issues &
def9+ a3essibil;y = all ( ^!
new te*nologies & communica;n
m$ia1 !n x simply won't 2
a3essible4 ,t is :y :at's go+
on ) telecommunica;ns policy 9
,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 is excit+ &
wor? yr att5;n4
  ,:at's 9t]e/+ is t ,i am n
talk+ ab 4abil;y bills4
,legislators >e (t5 surpris$
to f9d t ! 4abil;y commun;y is
3c]n$ ab telecommunica;ns4 ,we
h to expla9 t 4abil;y issues
2l;g 9 legisla;n 3c]n+ na;nal
telecommunica;ns policy & t
a3essibil;y is a key issue t
,3gress m/ 3sid] z x looks at
! /ructure ( !
telecommunica;ns 9du/ry &
tries to =mulate a na;nal
telecommunica;ns policy4
  ,:5"e ,i talk to p ab
te*nology & p )            #ef
4abilities1 ,i po9t \ t we >e
usually e>ly adopt]s (
te*nology1 2c we >5't afraid (
x4 ,we "k h[ vital & important
x is = \r [n lives4 ,we use x
all ! "t ,& we h v def9ite
id1s1 bas$ on \r exp]i;es1 ab
h[ te*nology "\ to func;n 9 !
future4 ,& (t51 :at "ws = u
"ws = "ey"o else too4 ,if
9du/ries pay att5;n to u & ask
u :at we want1 *.es >e !y >e n
j f9d+ \ ab u1 b !y're f9d+ \
h[ to make _! products &
s]vices m frly to "eybody & h[
to get a competitive $ge4
  ,= example1 ev5 ?\< we
advocat$ = curb cuts1 we're n
! only "os :o use !m4 ,:at 0 a
gd idea = u turn$ \ to 2 a
wond];l idea = mak+ ! urban
5viron;t a ll m livable = p :o
deliv] ?+s1 = p>5ts ) baby
/roll]s1 = kids ) skatebo>ds1
= bicycli/s1 & = p :o h    #eg
tr\ble /epp+ up & d[n a curb4
  ,! same is true =
telecommunica;ns4 ,pacific
,bell held a s]ies ( bra9/orm+
ses.ns ) p ) di6]5t
4abilities4 ,! gr\p ( p :o >e
bl & visually impair$ sd t !y
wd l to pick up ! teleph"o & n
he> ! dial t"o1 b he>
ann\nce;ts to "k :at to dial 9
ord] to get x4 ,! folks at !
ph"o company sd to !mvs1
8,hmmm4 ,dial t"o4 ,x doesn't
h to s.d l t40 ,) curr5t
te*nology1 ! dial t"o cd 2
any?+4 ,my husb& cd pick up !
ph"o & ! 8dial t"o0 cd 2 me
tell+ hm to take \ ! g>bage4
,pacific ,bell turn$ ! 3cept
9to a new product call$
8,design] ,dial ,t"o40
  ,by gett+ 9volv$ 9 ! debate
on telecommunica;ns1 we h a
*.e to /op retrofitt+ ,- to
/op add+ on addi;nal       #eh
/uff ,- & to h a3essibil;y
built 9to ! teleph"o net"w & !
equip;t t ! teleph"o companies
may />t design+ if !y get
p]mis.n f ,3gress to
manufacture equip;t4
  ,i c't /ress to y h[
important ,i ?9k ? is & h[
critical x is t we 2g9 to
imple;t a3essible design t we
expect z 3sum]s4 ,n
rehabilita;n 3sum]s1 b 3sum]s
:o h m"oy to sp5d4
  ,:at c y d ab all ( ?8 ,f/ (
all1 r1d ! 9=ma;n ab p5d+
legisla;n4 ,get m 9=ma;n z y
ne$ x & take a posi;n4 ,get
9volv$4 ,figure \ :at x m1ns =
y1 & communicate yr feel+s4
,le>n m ab :at's go+ on 9 yr
/ate4 ,2come famili> ) ! /ate
,public ,utilities ,commis.n &
h[ x "ws4 ,:5 !y h a rule-mak+
proc$ure ab public teleph"os1
p ) 4abilities %d 2 "!4    #ei
,ev5 if ! ,,puc doesn't ?9k
x's a 4abil;y issue1 x's up to
u h[ to def9e h[ x a6ects u &
:at we want4
  ,m importantly1 x's "t to
5gage ! 9du/ry directly4 ,x's
"t to g to ! companies t
manufacture equip;t & sell
s]vices to p1 & let !m "k :o
we >e & :at we want4 ,ask to 2
on an advisory committee t
companies h or ask !m to =m
"o4 ,y c talk to !m ab ^?
id1s4 ,i ?9k !y're r1dy4
  ,x's "t to take \r "r;l
place at ! table ) ! 9du/ry1
3sum]s :o >e n 4abl$1 &
regulators & legislators :o
9flu;e telecommunica;ns
policy4 ,! "t is n[ to h a
significant impact 9 design+
a3essibil;y 9to ! net"ws ( !
future1 s t p ) 4abilities w 2
an ord9>y "p ( ! 8,9=ma;n
,age40                     #fj
  ,we c %ape ! future = bett]
a3ess to communica;ns1 = m
use;l 9=ma;n products = "ey"o1
& = a m competitive ,am]ican
busi;s base4 ,:5 we take \r
place at t table & ! o!r p :o
>e "! say1 8,h[ c we help y80
x's \r "t to say1 8,no1 no4
,y've got x wr;g4 ,x's h[ we c
help y40

    ,?irty ,ye>s ,ago 9 !
            8,=um0

  ,by ! "t y r1d ?1 _m ( y w h
return$ f ! #cbnd ,annual
,na;nal ,3v5;n 9 ,san
,francisco1 : at press "t 0
%ap+ up to 2 "o ( ! bi7e/
3v5;ns 9 ,,acb's hi/ory4
  ,9 ,july ( #aifc1
approximately #ajj ,,acb
memb]s & frs1 f #ai /ates1 met
at ! ,st4 ,clair ,hotel 9
,*icago4 ,9 8,"s           #fa
,impres.ns ( ! #aifc ,,acb
,3v5;n10 ,george ,c>d1 "o (
,,acb's *>t] memb]s1 (f]$ !
foll[+ obs]va;ns on ,,acb's
second annual 3v5;n4 ,happily1
! numb] ( 3v5;n att5dees has
ris5 f> abv #aifc's numb]2
h["e1 _m ( ! develop;ts ,c>d
report$ on >e / 9 e6ect td3
  8444 ,al? ! numb] 9 att5d.e
0 a bit 4appo9t+1 ? 0 m ?an
made up =1 9 my op9ion1 by !
_s ( 3fid;e & optimism : 0 s
m* 9 evid;e4 ,we "k = sure n[
t we >e go+ to survive & gr[4
,": we _h only ab #ahj memb]s
a ye> ago1 we n[ h m ?an
#aajj4 ,? "t la/ ye>1 we _h no
a6iliates2 n[ we h = & at l1/
six to ei<t /r;g organiza;ns
>e s]i\sly 3sid]+ ?r[+ 9 _!
lot ) u4 ,ne>ly all ! d\bt &
appreh5.n & skepticism t 0
:isp]$ ab 9 ! corridors &
social get-tgrs 9 ,st4     #fb
,l\is h g"o4 ,x is felt t _m
:o h be5 wait+ = develop;ts w
n[ f9d ! c\rage to /& up & 2
c.t$4
  444 ,"! 0 g5u9e un9hibit$
"picipa;n by ! memb]%ip4 ,"! 0
no fe> ( political reprisals
or ( future purges4 ,"! 7 _s$
ex*anges ( di6]5t views1 b ! w
( ! major;y prevail$ 9 all
cases1 ) no co]cion or br[-
b1t+1 & ! democratically
>riv$-at v]dict ( ! major;y 0
a3ept$ )\t any bitt];s or
recrim9a;ns4
  444 ,"s ( ! hi<li<ts ( !
program ( ! #aifc ,,acb 3v5;n
7 ! foll[+3 ,col4 ;,e4 ,a4
,bak]1 ,presid5t ( ! ,_w
,c\ncil & a truly _w figure 9
bl welf>e1 gave u an 9t5sely
9t]e/+ address at \r banquet4
,! f/ ( \r annual ,ambassador
,aw>ds 0 al pres5t$ on ? o3a.n
to ,miss ,je>ld9e          #fc
,noell]1 ,presid5t ( ! ,kansas
,associa;n = ! ,bl 444 ,? aw>d
w g ea* ye> to a bl p]son :o
has made an \t/&+ 3tribu;n
t[>d ! cr1;n ( a favorable
image ( bl;s & bl p 9 ! m9ds (
! si<t$ public4
  ,a v notable ev5t on !
regul> 3v5;n program 0 !
brilliant legislative report
by ,paul ,kirton1 ,*airman ( !
,,acb ,legislative ,committee4
,z a result ( ? report1 !
3v5;n lat] adopt$ "s elev5
briefly b cle>ly ^w$
legislative resolu;ns4
  444 ,on ! f/ "d ( ! 3v5;n1
we _h a mo/ excell5t panel
4cus.n on /ate projects
"picipat$ 9 by ,clyde ,ross (
,ohio1 ,w&a ,st4 ,clair (
,oklahoma1 & ,juliet ,b9dt (
,cali=nia4 ,lat]1 "! 0 a
?or\<ly /imulat+ report on !
cr$it union move;t z a     #fd
valuable adjunct to ! organiz$
bl move;t & z a s.d 9ve/;t =
bl p]sons & gr\ps4
  444 ,! only important
3/itu;nal *ange 0 ! vot+ p[] (
a6iliates4 ,ac to ! am5d$
sec;n1 ea* w h "o vote = ea*
#be pd-up memb]s4 ,x 0 =m]ly
"o = ea* five ( xs memb]s4 ,x
0 felt t ! revis$ =mula
pres]v$ ! pr9ciple (
propor;nal repres5ta;n b 0
"s:at fair] to 9dividuals :o
sp5t _! m"oy to 2 pres5t 9
p]son at future 3v5;ns40

     ,brl ,lit]acy & ,brl
      ,codes3 ,! ,debate
           ,3t9ues

  "<,$itor's note3 ,! >ticles
8,h[ ,grt is ! ,ne$ = a
,unifi$ ,brl ,code801 by
,w9ifr$ ,d[n+1 & 8,brl
,lit]acy ,- ,ano!r         #fe
,p]spective10 by ,walt ,/rom]1
: bo? appe>$ 9 ! ,m>* #aiic
8,brl ,=um10 h provok$ m
response ?an any 8,=um0
>ticles 9 rec5t memory4
,foll[+ >e responses f two
r1d]s1 "o ( :om addresses !
issue ( ! ,unifi$ ,brl ,code1
& "o :o has com;ts ab bo?
pieces4 ,! op9ions voic$ 9 ^!
>ticles d n necess>ily
repres5t ! op9ions ( ! 8,brl
,=um0 /aff or ( ! ,am]ican
,c\ncil ( ! ,bl4">

   ,brl ,us]s ,%d ,com;t ^u
     ! ,value ( a ,unifi$
      ,brl ,code = ,!mvs
      by ,juliet ,e/]ly
  ,less ?an #bjj ye>s ago1
,l\is ,brl provid$ ! f/
practical me?od = bl p]sons to
r1d & write4 ,8 puncta=m sy/em
has be5 a3ept$ _wwide ) v>i\s
modifica;ns4 ,at ! 2g9n+   #ff
( ! c5tury1 "! 0 grt 3c]n ab
pref];es = dot >range;ts 9 !
,am]ican1 ,brl & ,new ,york
,po9t codes4 ,ma9ly decid$ by
! sup]9t5d5ts ( ! v>i\s s*ools
= ! bl1 ! brl code 0 f9ally
a3ept$ z ! /&>d code to 2 us$
9 ,am]ica4 ,"! h be5 "s *anges
s9ce #aiae1 b n[ ! comput] has
appe>$ & "! may 2 ! ne$ =
major *anges4
  ,at f/ we _h bo? a lit]>y &
a music code1 & nobody _h
tr\ble le>n+ !m despite _! grt
di6];es4 ,z ne$$1 we develop$
textbook1 ma!matics1 comput] &
sci5tific codes1 : d h grt
v>ia;ns f ! lit]>y code4 ,!
comput] has op5$ s _m doors (
opportun;y academically1
voca;nally & recr1;nally t
rese>* is n[ 2+ d"o to det]m9e
! f1sibil;y ( comb9+ all codes
except ! music code4
  ,? wd m1n t 9 a unifi$   #fg
brl code only "o symbol wd 2
us$ to repres5t a pr9t symbol
) a simil> m1n+4 ,= example1 9
! curr5t brl sy/em1 op5+ &
clos+ p>5!ses use ! same "*1
":as 9 pr9t two di6]5t "*s >e
us$4 ,simil>ly1 9 brl ! same
"*s >e us$ = ! op5+ quota;n
m>k & ! "q m>k1 :ile 9 pr9t
two di6]5t "*s >e us$4 ,! plan
is to make x possible = an
emboss] to produce gd copy 9
ei brl or pr9t4
  ,brl us]s %d 3sid] h[
valuable ? possibil;y w 2 to
ea* 9dividual4 ,don't say1
8,well1 if x is ne$$ by "s p =
_! s*ool or "w1 ,i guess ,i
bett] g al;g40 ,we don't "k h[
_m brl us]s wd b5efit by mak+
^! *anges4 ,maybe ! lit]>y
code %d 2 left \ & ^? :o r1lly
ne$ s* te*nical 9=ma;n cd
comb9e x 9to a s+le code4 ,"!
%d 2 no m problem 9        #fh
le>n+ ?ird code ?an we _h ) !
music code4 ,no *anges h be5
made yet & 3sum]s ne$ to let
_! pref];es 2 "kn n[4 ,af all1
brl 0 m1nt to s]ve ! bl1 n !
comput]4
  ,! goal ( ! rese>*]s is to
make z few *anges z possible 9
,grade ,,ii4 ,no 3trac;ns w 2
*ang$4 ,h["e1 #ad 3trac;ns wd
2 dropp$1 "nly ! "p-^w
3trac;ns = 8com0 & 8ble20 !
:ole-^w 3trac;ns = 8to10
89to10 & 8by10 & ! f9al sev5
3trac;ns 2g9n+ ) dots #e-#f
"<85ce10 8ong10 8ful10 8sion10
8ness10 8m5t10 & 8ity0"> al;g
) ! f9al two 3trac;ns 2g9n+ )
dot #f "<8a;n0 & 8ally0">4
  ,"s rules wd 2 *ang$4 ,"! m/
2 spaces 2t ! 3trac;ns = 8to10
89to10 8by10 8&10 8=10 8(10
8!10 8)0 & 8a40
  ,punctua;n & composi;n m>ks
h *anges4 ,! op5+          #fi
p>5!sis wd 2 8(0 & ! clos+
p>5!sis wd 2 8)40 ,op5+
brackets wd 2 dot #d "<8(0"> &
clos+ brackets wd 2 dot #d
"<8)0"> respectively4 ,quota;n
m>ks wd rema9 ! same1 b ! "q
m>k wd 2 dots #a-#e-#f1
presumably 2c few ^ws 5d )
8wh40 ,! a/]isk wd 2 dot #d &
dots #a-#f4 ,! sla% wd 2 dots
#d-#e-#f & dots #c-#d4 ,!
backsla% wd 2 dots #d-#e-#f &
dots #a-#f4 ,dots #b-#e-#f wd
s]ve z ei p]iod or decimal
po9t z pr9t "*s >e simil>4 ,!
hyph5 wd 2 dots #c-#f b ! da%
wd 2 dots #d-#f & #c-#f4
  ,! t]m9ology us$ 9 ! rules
3fuses me4 ,= example1 a l[]
case lr ( ! alphabet is
describ$ z a graphic symbol1
:ile a capitaliz$ lr is t]m$
an aug;t$ graphic symbol4 ,:5
,i ask$ "o ( ! rese>*]s if ?
wd n 2 di6icult to         #gj
expla9 to a pupil1 he repli$ t
! t1*] ne$s to "u/& b ! pupil
doesn't4 ,my exp]i;e 9 t1*+
brl = #cb ye>s is t (t5 !
/ud5t ask$ 8,:y80 or want$ to
/udy ! rule book = hmf4
  ,i 2lieve ,i cd adju/ to ^!
*anges1 ev5 ?\< m cells >e
requir$ & ?us m exp5sive pap]1
: adds to ! bulk4 ,i'm wond]+
:at wd happ5 to \r ?\s&s ( brl
books4 ,wd we h to reque/
$i;ns 9 8,unifi$ ,brl ,code0
or 8,am]ican ,brl ,code80
  ,:at 3c]ns me ! mo/ is !
ef=t to h 9dicators t w
portray e k9d ( type4 ,!
rese>*]s h "w$ \ a v gd sy/em
= do+ ?1 b ,i 2lieve x w make
x s di6icult to r1d t p w n
want to le>n brl & ^? t alr "k
x w feel x is n wor? ! ef=t4
,"! >e 9dicators to %[
italics1 boldface type1 "ul9+1
script1 & sans s]if4       #ga
,provi.n has be5 made =
addi;nal k9ds ( type4 ,"h is !
patt]n = italics 9dicators3
dots #d-#f g 2f any?+ t is to
2 italiciz$4 ,if ^! >e foll[$
immly by a l[] case 8;e10 j a
s+le lr w 2 italiciz$4 ,if
dots #d-#f >e foll[$ by a l[]
case 8;g10 ! 5tire ^w is to 2
italiciz$4 ,if dots #d-#f >e
foll[$ by a l[] case 8i10 !
foll[+ passage w 2 italiciz$
until y r1* ano!r #d-#f1
9dicat+ ! 5d ( ! passage4 ,?
la/ #d-#f foll[s ! ^w & "! m/
2 a space foll[+ x4 ,dots #d-
#f foll[$ by dot #c 9dicates t
! italics 5d )9 ! ^w4 ,? same
patt]n is us$ = ! o!r
typefaces4
  ,note t ? 9volves a pretty
s5sitive t\*1 especially :5 a
dot #d 9dicates script & dot
#e 9dicates sans s]if4 ,p]h ,i
may z well g on to say t   #gb
dots #d-#e-#f 9dicate boldface
type & dots #d-#e 9dicate
"ul9+4 ,_m p wd h tr\ble ) ^!
f9e 4t9c;ns4
  ,h[ _m p wd c>e ab !
typeface un.s x 0 r1lly ne$$ =
emphasis1 & !n ! italics sign
repres5ts alm any type di6];e4
,%d ! :ole lit]>y code 2 3fus$
= ! sake ( ! few :o ne$ to "k8
  ,i hope t all brl r1d]s w
express _! op9ions af !y h r1d
>ticles 9 brl magaz9es & he>d
4cus.ns at /ate & na;nal
3v5;ns4 ,try to 2 objective &
will+ to *ange if y 2lieve x
is progress1 especially 9 li<t
( ! comput]4
  ,if no "o comes up ) a bett]
=m = tally+ purposes1 y mi<t
try to answ] ^! "qs3

#a4 ,wd a ,unifi$ ,brl ,code h
  value = y at s*ool1 "w1 or 9
  o!r activities8          #gc
#b4 ,wd y pref] t ,grade ,,ii
  brl 2 left z x is & t ,,ubc
  j 9clude textbook1
  ma!matics1 comput] & sci;e
  codes8

  ,pl1se s5d yr answ]s &
com;ts to ,dr4 ,hilda ,cayton1
,*air1 ,brl ,rese>*
,committee1 c_/o ,am]ican
,pr9t+ ,h\se = ! ,bl1 ,p4,o4
,box #fjhe1 ,l\isville1 ,,ky
#djbjf4

   ,:at ,brl ,lit]acy ,m1ns
            to ,me
        by ,bob ,bitts
  ,? is 9 response to ! two
?"\;l >ticles on brl : appe>$
9 ! ,m>* issue4 ,i'd l to take
!m "o at a "t4
  ,i'd l to f/ respond to ,ms4
,d[n+'s >ticle sett+ =? !
facts ( ! "w ( ! ,ad ,hoc
,committee on ,unifica;n   #gd
( ! ,brl ,codes4 ,i _h alw
?"\1 s9ce le>n+ brl z an adult
9 #aiei1 t ! :ole purpose (
brl 0 to 5able ! bl to r1d &
write4 ,x n"e dawn$ on me once
dur+ ^? ye>s t x mi<t al 2 us$
z a pr9t]'s code = go+ f brl
to pr9t4 ,desirable z x mi<t 2
= a writ]1 rev]sibil;y has no
use = mo/ brl r1d]s1 :o write
x only = ! purpose ( compos+ &
record+ _! [n ?"\s1 &
communicat+ ) o!r bl folks4
  ,z ,ms4 ,d[n+ po9ts \1 n all
bl *n >e le>n+ brl ^! "ds
anyh[4 ,?\< ,i h n"e be5 a bl
*1 ,i suspect t a * ( :at"e
visual acu;y ne$s to le>n
spell+ e>ly1 & = t r1son ,i wd
5dorse ,grade ,i = at l1/ !
prim>y grades4 ,o!rwise1 y'll
h bl kids spell+ brl 8;brl10 z
,i h be5 tempt$ to d 9 ? lr1
"k+ t x w g to brl lit]ate p4
,surely ! alphabet cd 2    #ge
le>n$ by any d$icat$ p]son 9 !
t1*+ pr(es.n1 no8
  ,! m9or *anges 9 ! lit]>y
code br"\ ab by ! /range new
philosophy reg>d+ rev]sibil;y
wd n 2 h>d to le>n2 9 fact1 !y
wd h>dly 2 notic$4 ,b ,i wd
hesitate to sacrifice any ( !
h>d-won /abil;y ( ! lit]>y
code = ! sake ( a code t is
us$ by few & 3/antly *ang+4
,2ss1 al? ! ,5gli% language
has *ang$ 3sid]ably s9ce !
,battle ( ,ha/+s1 a d$icat$
r1d] c / r1d ,%akespe>e1 & ev5
,*auc]4 ,c]ta9ly major *anges
%d 2 avoid$ = ! sake (
/abil;y4 ,i %d 2 able to r1d
any brld book t / has xs dots
m or less rais$6
  ,"h is a sample ( a ?+ t c 2
d"o n[ & w n 2 all[able "u !
propos$ new rules4 ,_h ,l9coln
be5 bl1 & ev5 m ^w economical1
! la/ phrase ( !           #gf
,gettysburg ,address mi<t h
come \ l ?3 8444 & t gov]n;t =
! & ) ! & ( ! p % n p]i% f !
,e>?60
  ,:5 ,i f/ />t$ le>n+ brl1 ,i
0 a ma? t1*] c&idate & my brl
0 ab ! "r spe$ = ma?1 s ,i r1d
s"eal texts f cov] to cov]4
,at t "t1 ,neme? ,code 0 9 xs
f/ $i;n1 & v ?9 = brl1 ab "o &
a half 9*es4 ,b ! next $i;n
seem$ to h be5 purposely
3coct$ by "s"o try+ to make x
h>d] = me to r1d4 ,i put up )
x1 ev5 ! nicety ( 4t+ui%+ 2t !
s"eal di6]5t m1ns ( d5ot+ a
frac;n 9 pr9t4 ,i r1lly didn't
c>e m* :at ! ?+ look$ l 9 pr9t
=m1 s l;g z ,i knew : 0 ! top
& : 0 ! bottom4 ,b ! second
$i;n ( ! ,neme? ,code 0 9 two
or ?ree volumes1 ea* ov] ?ree
9*es ?ick6
  ,x 0 only on r1d+ ,ms4
,d[n+'s >ticle t x dawn$   #gg
on me t de> old ,abe 0 "w+ on
"s?+ t mi<t b5efit hm & a few
o!r s*ol>s1 b wdn't b5efit !
va/ unwa%$ masses ( ma? t1*]s1
few ( :om publi% any?+ at all4
  ,n[ ,i h a v ?9 booklet (
comput] brl symbols1 j
,,ascii4 ,x "\ to 2 fully
9tegratable 9to ,neme? code =
! naive4 ,"! is no ne$ to make
lit]>y brl 9tegrate 9to !
,neme? comput] code2 x w 2
obvi\s to ! r1d] f ! 3text4
,if ma? writ]s want _! text to
2 rev]sible1 well & gd2 b let
! re/ ( u get al;g on ! simpl]
v].n ( ,grade ,,ii t has 2come
s /&>d4 ,rev]sibil;y %d 2
res]v$ = ^? :o publi%2 p]h x
cd 2 call$ ,grade ,,iv4
  ,n[1 ,i'd l to respond to
,mr4 ,/rom]'s f9e >ticle1
"picul>ly to ! plea 9 ! la/
s5t;e ( 8 >ticle3 8,i d ?9k we
ne$ m precise def9i;ns (   #gh
lit]acy1 & we "\ to "k exactly
h[ _m p use h[ m* brl z well z
h[ (t540
  ,! f/ ?+ f/3 lit]acy4 ,x
seems to me t a p]son is
lit]ate :5 he "ks a c]ta9 h>d-
to-def9e am.t ( lit]ature4 ,by
?1 ,i m1n t ! lit]ate p]son is
able to take 9 new 9=ma;n &
make logical evalua;n ( x z x
fits 9to ! re/ ( 8 /ore ( k4
,?us1 a lit]ate p]son :o
sudd5ly 2comes bl is /
lit]ate4 ,no brl has yet pass$
"? 8 f+]s4 ,he is n by any
/ret* brl lit]ate4
  ,if ? p]son picks up 5 brl
to puzzle \ a %ort message1 he
is n[ brl lit]ate4 ,he c
communicate ?"\s at ! top
level ( 8 ?9k+ abil;y1 no
matt] h[ sl[ly4 ,wd any"o say
t ,/eph5 ,hawk+ is illit]ate
2c x takes hm five m9utes to
compose a simple s5t;e8    #gi
  ,i suspect t "! >e s"eal
v>ieties ( brl r1d]s4 ,"s1 l
myf & probably ,/rom]1 2came
bl9d$ 9 adult life1 felt
illit]ate1 & gra2$ eag]ly at
brl to free u f t illit]ate
feel+4 ,i w alw rememb] ! joy
x gave me to r1d1 8,abe _h a
d1f dad10 8,a *ef _h a bad
ca2age10 & 8,a h$ge _h a ja7$
$ge40
  ,on ! o!r h&1 we h folks :o
h be5 bl f bir?2 x wd 2
un?9kable to classify s* a
p]son z brl lit]ate un.s he
has su3ess;lly ma/]$ at l1/ "o
( ! _m o!r av5ues to
communica;n = ! bl4 ,= ?
p]son1 brl lit]acy may m1n !
abil;y to use all ! ref];e "ws
9 a brl libr>y1 if t is 8
capabil;y4
  8,h[ _m p use h[ m* brl h[
(t580 ,i am "o p]son1 & ,i use
up to a pack ( 9dex c>ds   #hj
weekly1 & t is ab half my brl
use4 ,hav+ tak5 4abil;y
retire;t f ! commun;y college
": ,i tau<t ma? = #ad ye>s1 ,i
"w 9 r1l e/ate4 ,= t1 my talk+
comput] is ! be/ new tool
imag9able1 z x 5ables me to
sort & $it li/+ 9=ma;n =
cli5ts & coll1gues4 ,h["e1 if
,i _h to *oose 2t ! comput] &
! ,p]k9s ,brlr ,i b"\ 9 #aifj1
! brlr wd /ay6 ,? is 2c ! brlr
sits by ! ph"o & all[s me to
take notes on 9dex c>ds = all
9com+ ph"o calls4 ,i keep ^!
c>ds 9 a fil+ cab9et1 & !y >e
! core ( my busi;s4
  "<,bob ,bitts lives 9
,llton1 ,colo4">





                           #ha
     ,magaz9es on ,tape3
     ,gd ,li/5+ at a ,gd
            ,price
       by ,nolan ,crabb

  ,^? ( u :o h a3ess to a
v>iety ( magaz9es on flexible
disc t5d to sit up & take
notice :5 we he> ( a new tap$
magaz9e4 ,9 ! case (
8,magaz9es on ,tape10 we c sit
up & take notice = a v>iety (
r1sons ,- gd li/5+ 2+ "o ( !m4
  8,magaz9es ,on ,tape0 is a
comm]cially produc$ mon?ly
compila;n ( /ories f s*
p]iodicals z 8,! ,new
,republic10 8,_w ,press
,review10 8,popul> ,sci;e10 &
8,mirabella40 ,t>get$ t[>d
commut]s prim>ily1 8,magaz9es
,on ,tape0 is available on a
#fj-m9ute two-track cassette4
  ,/ories av]age #aj m9utes 9
l5g?1 & ea* /ory is        #hb
9troduc$ by ,rob]t ,seigel1
ho/ ( 8,all ,?+s ,3sid]$10 a
produc;n ( ,na;nal ,public
,radio4 ,9 fact1 8,magaz9es
,on ,tape0 has an 8,all ,?+s
,3sid]$0 flavor4 ,ea* /ory is
9t]tw9$ ) %ort musical takes &
,seigel's n>ra;n ( ! t1s]1
design$ to 9t]e/ y 9 ! next
/ory4
  ,"o ( ! ?+s t impress$ me
mo/ ab ! 9troductory issue (
8,magaz9es ,on ,tape0 0 xs
div]s;y & bal.e4 ,a /ory by a
black woman ab gr[+ up 9 !
#aifjs z "p ( ! f/ 89tegrat$
g5]a;n0 0 juxtapos$ ) a
fasc9at+ essay on :y gun 3trol
z curr5tly propos$ won't "w4
  ,! f/ issue 3ta9$ a /ory ab
! luxuries ( w1l? & fame1
"picul>ly z !y apply to hav+
o!rs d ! nitty-gritty "d-to-"d
mundane ?+s to : ! re/ ( u >e
s a3u/om$4 ,x al 9clud$    #hc
a /ory f 8,popul> ,sci;e0 ab !
s-call$ ,ice ,man1 ^: body 0
extremely well pres]v$ 9 a
glaci] 9 ,europe4
  ,9 %ort1 8,magaz9es ,on
,tape0 is a fanta/ic bl5d (
/ories f fasc9at+ p]iodicals
,- mo/ ( : >5't curr5tly 2+
record$ by ! ,na;nal ,libr>y
,s]vice = ! ,bl & ,physically
,h&icapp$4 ,9 fact1 if y've "e
li/5$ to 8,*oice ,magaz9e
,li/5+10 y h a gd idea ( :at
8,magaz9es ,on ,tape0 s.ds l4
,! 9=ma;n 9 8,magaz9es ,on
,tape0 is li<t] & devoid ( "s
( ! lugubri\s1 h1vy-h&$1
9tellectual 8!-_w-is-go+-to-
pieces0 writ+ t o3a.nally
a6licts ! tracks ( 8,*oice
,magaz9e ,li/5+40
  ,:ile he 9troduces ! /ories1
,seigel doesn't n>rate any (
!m4 ,! n>rators1 "o man & "o
woman1 >e un"nd1 b bo?     #hd
>e excell5t4 ,if y're 3c]n$ ab
,,nls-qual;y n>ra;n1 y won't h
a problem ) 8,magaz9es ,on
,tape40 ,s9ce ! magaz9e is on
a /&>d-spe$ two-track
cassette1 "!'s obvi\sly no
crosstalk1 & ! equaliza;n is
sup]b4
  ,hav+ sd all ^? gd ?+s1 "!
>e a few ?+s ab 8,magaz9es ,on
,tape0 t >5't s gd4 ,f/1 x wd
2 help;l if ! issue date ( !
magaz9e f : a /ory is tak5 7
9clud$4 ,seigel tells y at !
2g9n+ ( a /ory ! "n ( !
publica;n ": x orig9ally
appe>$1 b no clue is giv5 z to
! date or mon?1 n ev5 on !
pr9t table ( 3t5ts t
a3ompanies ! tape4
  ,x seems to me t ev5
commut]s1 h\sewives1 or :o"e
else 8,magaz9es ,on ,tape0 is
t>get$ t[>d1 wd l to h "s idea
( ! l5g? ( ea* /ory 2f     #he
!y 2g9 r1d+ x4 ,unlike 8,*oice
,magaz9e ,li/5+10 8,magaz9es
,on ,tape0 doesn't give any
e/imat$ r1d+ "t4
  ,!n "!'s ! price3 8,brl
,=um0 r1d]s c rcv ! publica;n
= @s#dg4hh4 ,t's significantly
less ?an ! @s#ie4hh ! re/ ( !
_w w pay4 ,if ,i _h to *oose f
! comm]cial products
available1 ,i'd pay ! price &
5joy 8,magaz9es ,on ,tape40
,^? :o pick ! /ories us$ =
8,magaz9es ,on ,tape0 h d"o a
ph5om5al job ( f9d+ a bal.e 2t
! fa/-pac$ upb1t & !
9tellectually /imulat+4 ,if
y're hungry = curr5t 9=ma;n t
bo? 9=ms & 5t]ta9s1 ! @s#de4hg
is m"oy well sp5t4 ,t's
especially true if yr life/yle
9cludes a fair am.t ( c>
travel or if y don't h a f\r-
track portable y c take on !
road ) y4 ,! two-track     #hf
=mat m1ns 8,magaz9es ,on
,tape0 goes any": y d1 & ) a
3v5i;e t makes x wor? ! price4
  ,= m 9=ma;n or to ord]1
3tact ,magaz9es ,on ,tape1
#ijc ;,s4 ,hohokam ,dr41
,tempe1 ,,az #hebha4 ,visa &
,ma/],c>d >e a3ept$4 ,y m/
m5;n t y 2came aw>e ( !
product "? 8,! ,brl ,=um0 9
ord] to rcv ! @s#de4hg price4
,call "<#hjj"> #fhb-#gcii4

        ,:y ,%d ,we ,2
         ,advocates8
       by ,>dis ,bazyn

  ,_m bl p don't see ! ne$ to
advocate4 ,:ile x's true t we
h _m ?+s td : w]5't available
tw5ty ye>s ago1 ? doesn't m1n
we h no r1son = advocacy4 ,we
ne$ to 3t9ue to 2 9t]e/$ 9 :at
is happ5+ bo? 9 local & na;nal
gov]n;t4 ,) ! adv5t ( !    #hg
,am]icans ) ,4abilities ,act1
we h an opportun;y to /r5g!n
\r *oices 9 ! future4 ,by
"picipat+ 9 he>+s1 committee
meet+s & =ums1 we h a *.e to
make a di6];e = _m bl p]sons
to come4
  ,! new adm9i/ra;n & _m /ate
gov]n;t (ficials >e look+ =
ways to cut budgets4 ,"! is m*
talk ab total 9clu.n 9to
society = 4abil;y1 : m1ns t _m
( u >e v 3c]n$ ab ! possibil;y
( programs 2+ cut4 ,if we want
to keep use;l programs alive &
promote new "os t w give u ev5
m opportunities 9 ! future1 we
m/ sp1k up4 ,we h ga9$ too m*
gr.d to 2 =e/all$ by ! ?r1t (
cutt+ special s]vices =
"picul> 4abilities4
  ,y may say t "! >e 5 bl p
sp1k+ \ = \r "rs1 b y >e wr;g4
,did y r1lize t by keep+
sil5t1 we >e actually 2+   #hh
advocates8 ,we're say+ t we
don't c>e1 t ^! ?+s >5't r1lly
important4 ,by \r sil;e1 we >e
giv+ \r okay to cuts 9 fund+1
un5=c$ guidel9es1 & det]iorat+
programs4
  ,y may say t y don't "k h[ y
c make a di6];e4 ,"! >e c.t.s
ways 9 : \r 9put c help4 ,we c
write lrs to \r local
(ficials1 /ate legislators1 &
na;nal legislators4 ,we c call
! local (fices ( any gov]n;t
ag5cy ) : we h a 3c]n4 ,we c
"picipate 9 public he>+s1
=ums1 & committee meet+s :
al]t newspap]s ab 3c]ns 9 \r
commun;y4 ,if nec1 we c pass \
peti;ns to 2 sign$ by frs &
nei<bors ab issues ( import.e4
,once y get 9to ac;n1 y may
f9d t y w want to get 9volv$
by "picipat+ 9 /ate
legislative recep;ns or !
na;nal ,a6iliat$           #hi
,l1d]%ip ,l1gue 3f];e on
legislative issues4 ,! ma9
idea is to get 9t]e/$ 9 bl;s
issues1 if n = yrf1 !n = ! "y]
bl p :o w ne$ yr help4
  ,s y see1 "! >e _m ways 9 :
y c make a di6];e = all ( u4
,i wd 5c\rage y to jo9 a local
organiza;n or committee 9volv$
9 4abil;y "rs & see h[ y c
help u all to 2come ! be/
citiz5s we c be4
  "<,>dis ,bazyn1 ( ,c$>
,rapids1 ,i[a1 is a memb] ( !
,,acb bo>d ( directors4">

          ,"h & ,"!
   by ,elizabe? ;,m4 ,l5non

  ,! ann\nce;t ( new products
& s]vices 9 ? column %d n 2
3sid]$ an 5dorse;t ( ^?
products & s]vices by !
,am]ican ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl1 xs
/aff or elect$ (ficials4   #ij
,products & s]vices >e li/$
free ( *>ge = ! b5efit ( \r
r1d]s4 8,! ,brl ,=um0 _c 2
responsible = ! reliabil;y (
products or s]vices m5;n$4

      ,book ,club ,exp&s
  ,na;nal ,brl ,press1 #hh
,st4 ,/eph5 ,st41 ,bo/on1 ,,ma
#jbaae1 ann\nces ! availabil;y
( 8,new ,york1 ,new ,york610
"o ( _m books writt5 by ,ann
;,m4 ,m>t91 au?or ( ! ,baby-
sitt]s ,club s]ies4 ,! books
>e t>get$ at girls ag$ #h to
#ac1 & !y f1ture ! adv5tures (
a gr\p ( girls :o op]ate a
baby-sitt+ 3sortium4
  ,,nbp (f]s ?ree o!r titles =
*n ag$ #h to #ac1 9clud+
8,hanna10 ! /ory ( a #i-ye>-
old * : d1ls ) bl;s issues f a
"y p]son's p]spective4 ,=
addi;nal 9=ma;n ab availabil;y
( books 9 ! 9t]m$iate      #ia
category & prices1 3tact
,na;nal ,brl ,press at ! abv
address4

     ,aw>d ,nom9a;ns ,s"\
  ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,associa;n
= ,bl ,a?letes is curr5tly
a3ept+ nom9a;ns = ! ,*>les
,buell ,volunte] ( ! ,ye>
,aw>d4 ,! aw>d is "nd = ,dr4
,*>les ,buell1 a f.d+ memb] (
,,usaba4 ,= applica;ns1 3tact
,,usaba at "<#gai"> #fcj-
#jdbb4

     ,new ,support ,gr\p
  ,p :o su6] f von ,hippel-
,l9dau ,syndrome >e 9vit$ to
jo9 ! ,,vhl ,family ,alli.e1
an 9t]na;nal net"w ( family
support gr\ps4 ,,vhl is a
complex 3di;n : c damage !
ret9a4 ,families a6ect$ by
,,vhl c %>e _! k & exp]i;es )
ea* o!r & ) ! m$ical       #ib
commun;y4 ,! gr\p (f]s a
newslr1 p5 pals & ph"o
support4 ,! goal ( ! gr\p is
to improve diagnosis1 tr1t;t &
qual;y ( life = ,,vhl
families4 ,9quiries c 2 made 9
brl4 ,write to ! ,,vhl ,family
,alli.e1 #aga ,cl9ton ,rd41
,brookl9e1 ,,ma #jbadf4 ,call
"<#fag"> #bcb-#eidf or
"<#hjj"> #gfg-#dhde = ! ne>e/
3tact p]son4

      ,brl ,transcrip;n
  ,abilities ,f/ (f]s l>ge
type & brl transcrip;n to
busi;ses1 s*ools1 organiza;ns1
& 9dividuals4 ,mat]ials
transcrib$ 9clude bus s*$ules1
m5us1 "w-relat$ =ms1 product
9/ruc;ns1 build+ directories &
! l4 ,= m 9=ma;n on
transcrip;n & o!r s]vices1
pl1se 3tact ,abilities ,f/ at
,p4,o4 ,box #ibg1          #ic
,gre5field1 ,,ma #jacjb1 or
call "<#dac"> #ggd-#fgef4

       ,talk+ ,!rmomet]
  ,blazie ,5g9e]+ is n[ (f]+
,temp ,talk1 a palm-siz$ talk+
!rmomet] : a3urately m1sures
body temp]ature f #hi4f to
#ajg4f ,fahr5heit4 ,r1d+s >e
spok5 cle>ly & %[n on an ,,lcd
4play4 ,! !rmomet] comes )
l>ge pr9t & tap$ 9/ruc;ns & a
c>ry+ case1 & is available 9
,5gli%1 ,fr5*1 ,g]man1
,italian or ,spani%-sp1k+
v].ns4 ,= m 9=ma;n1 3tact
,blazie ,5g9e]+1 #aje ,ea/
,j>rettsville ,road1 ,=e/
,hill1 ,,md #bajej4 "<#daj">
#hic-#iccc4

          ,lrs ,ne$$
  ,! ,ill9ois ,s*ool = !
,visually ,impair$ is look+ =
lrs f p :o grew up )       #id
,hall ,brl ,writ]s & wi% to
%>e _! recollec;ns ) ! s*ool's
curr5t /ud5ts4 ,! lrs >e 2+
s"\ z "p ( ! s*ool's celebra;n
( ! #ajjth anniv]s>y ( ! ,hall
,brl ,writ]4 ,! s*ool w pr9t
two or ?ree ( ! lrs 9 xs
weekly cal5d>4 ,s5d lrs to !
,ill9ois ,s*ool = ! ,visually
,impair$1 #feh ,ea/ ,/ate
,/reet1 ,jacksonville1 ,,il
#fbfej4

      ,new ,regi/ry ,=m$
  ,prev5t ,bl;s 9 ,premature
,babies is seek+ p ) ! eye
41se ,ret9opa?y ( ,prematur;y1
previ\sly "kn z ,retrol5tal
,fibroplasia4 ,,rop is ! l1d+
cause ( bl;s am;g *n 9 !
,unit$ ,/ates4 ,p :o h ,,rop
"<or ^: *n h ,,rop"> %d 3tact
,prev5t ,bl;s 9 ,premature
,babies1 ,p4,o4 ,box #ddgib1
,madison1 ,,wi #ecgdd-     #ie
#dgib4

       ,new ,magaz9e on
          ,cassette
  8,lifel9es10 a mon?ly
publica;n ( ,victory ,*ri/ian
,c5t]1 is n[ available on
cassette tape & is free to bl
& visually impair$ p]sons4 ,=
m 9=ma;n1 write to ,victory
,*ri/ian ,c5t]1 ,rt4 #d1 ,box
#efj1 ,c>?age1 ,,mo #fdhcf4
,tel4 "<#dag"> #ceh-#fjcb4

     ,brl ,pr9t+ ,s]vice
  ,! ,s\? ,dakota ,9du/ries =
! ,bl ,brl ,pr9t+ ,s]vice
provides transcrip;n ( ph"o
bills1 bank /ate;ts1 employ;t
proc$ures1 & m4 ,= m 9=ma;n1
3tact ! ,,sdib ,brl ,pr9t+
,s]vice at "<#fje"> #cci-#feha
or "<#hjj"> #feh-#edda1 or
write to #hjj ,we/ ,av5ue
,nor?1 ,si\x ,falls1       #if
;,,sd #egajd4

       ,new ,toy ,guide
  ,! ,am]ican ,f.da;n = ! ,bl
& ! ,toy ,manufactur]s (
,am]ica rec5tly ann\nc$ an
agree;t to produce a toy-buy+
guide = ! p>5ts ( bl &
visually impair$ *n4 ,! ,u4,s4
program is 2+ model$ on simil>
su3ess;l ef=ts by toymak]s &
organiza;ns = ! bl 9 ,grt
,brita9 & ,japan4
  8,we >e deli<t$ to 2 "w+ )
,,tma on ? important project10
,,afb ,presid5t ,c>l ;,r4
,augu/o sd4 8,,afb's mis.n is
to 5sure qual;y ( a3ess &
opportun;y = p :o >e bl or
visually impair$4 ,by "w+ )
,,tma1 we w cr1te a direct
communica;n to p>5ts1 gr&p>5ts
& t1*]s & 2 able to 5sure t *n
:o >e visually impair$ h a3ess
to fun1 safe & $uca;nal    #ig
toys40
  ,! ,,afb has prep>$ crit]ia
= suitable toys1 has =m$ a
committee ( exp]ts to review
product submis.ns & w make !
f9al selec;ns = ! toy-buy+
guide4 ,! guide1 : has an
expect$ publica;n date (
,octob] #a1 #aiic1 w1 9 addi;n
to (f]+ g5]al 9=ma;n on toy
selec;n1 h practical advice on
play"t safety z well z
illu/ra;ns & l>ge-pr9t
descrip;ns ( approximately #ej
( ! be/ toys available4

       ,canadian ,3f];e
  8,"h's ,look9,0 ,at ,y1
,kid0 is ! !me = ! ei<? annual
3f];e ( ! ,c\ncil = ,bl &
,visually ,impair$ ,*n4 ,!
3f];e w 2 held 9 ,$monton1
,alb]ta1 ,canada f ,septemb]
#cj to ,octob] #c1 #aiic4 ,to
obta9 3f];e regi/ra;n      #ih
mat]ial1 3tact ,l9da ,/anton
or ,eug5e ,le*elt1 c_/o
,,cnib1 #abjaj ,jasp] ,st41
,$monton1 ;,,,ab #gek op#c1,'
,canada4

     ,,afb ,gets ,eld]c>e
            ,grant
  ,! ,am]ican ,f.da;n = ! ,bl
has rcvd a grant f ! ,unit$
,/ates ,adm9i/ra;n on ,ag+ to
3duct a project 5titl$
8,improv+ ,a3ess to ,s]vices =
,old] ,visually ,impair$
,p]sons ,"? ,eld]-c>e
coali;ns10 ac to ! ,spr+ #aiic
issue ( 8,,afb ,midwe/
,regional ,news40 ,"? ?
project1 ,,afb1 9 3junc;n )
five o!r ag5cies1 w e/abli%
local model coali;ns on ag+ &
vi.n loss4 ,ea* coali;n w 2
responsible = c>ry+ \ a
pr(es.nal_/consum] $uca;n
activ;y & = produc+ "o     #ii
or m products s* z bro*ures on
ag+ & vi.n loss = g5]al or
t>get$ audi;es4 ,^! products1
al;g ) mat]ials cr1t$ by ,,afb
/aff1 w 2come an eld]c>e
packet1 ! 5d product ( !
project4 ,= m 9=ma;n1 3tact
,alb]ta ,orr1 ,,afb ,na;nal
,3sultant1 "<#bab"> #fbj-
#bjcd4

      ,jewi% ,publica;ns
  ,! ,jewi% ,h]itage = ! ,bl
ann\nces ! availabil;y ( !
foll[+ publica;ns3 8,! ,brl
,passov] ,ha7adah10 8,! ,o4
;,u4 ,passov] ,directory10
"<abridg$"> available 9 l>ge
pr9t & brl1 & 8,updat$
,directory ( ,organiza;ns
,provid+ ,cassette ,tapes (
,torah1 ,jewi% ,culture &
,music10 available 9 l>ge
pr9t4 ,! publica;ns >e
available at no co/4      #ajj
,write to ,jewi% ,h]itage = !
,bl1 #afee ;,e4 #bdth ,st41
,brooklyn1 ,,ny #aabbi4
"<#gah"> #cch-#diii4

   ,hi< ,te* ,l[-,vi.n ,aid
  ,johns ,hopk9s ,m$ical
,s*ool & ,,nasa h jo9tly
develop$ a new hi<-te* device
to improve dim9i%$ vi.n1 ac to
8,,a>p ,news10 ,m>* #aiic4 ,!
,l[ ,vi.n ,5h.e;t ,sy/em is
compris$ ( a li<twei<t h1dset
go7le4 ,x all[s 9dividuals )
limit$ si<t to adju/ ! 3tra/ &
magnifica;n ( :at !y see z "o
wd on a l>ge scre5 televi.n4

         ,,rp ,rese>*
  ,new rese>* by sci5ti/s
/udy+ ret9itis pig;tosa has
%[n t "s naturally o3urr+
*emical sub/.es "kn z
neurotrophic factors1 c prev5t
! det]iora;n (            #aja
photoreceptors1 ! li<t-s5s+
cells ( ! ret9a4 ,! ultimate
value ( ? "w = tr1t;t ( ret9al
deg5]a;n / ne$s to 2 def9$4
,"o ( ! next /eps1 ac to 8,,rp
,news10 ,m>* #aiic1 is rese>*
to /udy ! abil;y ( ^! sub/.es
to rescue photoreceptors 9
animal models t >e directly
relevant to human ret9al 41se4
,h["e1 ? new f9d+ pres5ts a
/r;g basis = 3t9u+ /udies ( !
pot5tial use ( neurotrophic
factors 9 produc+ tr1t;t =
9h]it$ ret9al deg5]a;n 4ord]s4

     ,cross-,c.try ,bike
            ,trip
  ,eyecycle is a non-pr(it
organiza;n committ$ to provid+
visually impair$ p )
opportunities to 5joy t&em
bicycle rid+ ) a si<t$ guide4
,! organiza;n is plann+ a
cross-c.try trip 2g9n+    #ajb
9 ! spr+ ( next ye>1 ac to 8,!
,bl ,cali=nian40 ,! trip w
foll[ a s\!rn r\te 2g9n+ 9
,santa ,monica1 ,calif41 & 5d
9 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 at a ,:ite
,h\se recep;n4 ,9 an ef=t to
exp& xs memb]%ip na;nally1
,eyecycle 9vites visually
impair$ p :o mi<t 2 9t]e/$ to
ride acr ,am]ica & celebrate
,physical ,fit;s ,mon? on !
way to ,wa%+ton4 ,eyecycle is
curr5tly a3ept+ applica;ns4 ,x
is al sponsor+ ! 5tire ev5t by
provid+ ! nec equip;t & manp[]
to 5sure ! safety & com=t (
all "picipants4 ,= addi;nal
9=ma;n1 3tact ,claudia
,folska1 ,presid5t1 #agad
,>maco/ ,ave41 ,suite #b1 ,los
,angeles1 ,,ca #ijjbe4

      ,cassette ,newslr
  8,pipel9e0 is an 9=mative
newslr on rela;n%ips4     #ajc
,x is 2+ (f]$ on cassette = ^?
:o >e p]plex$ & amaz$ by !
vag>ies ( human rela;n%ips or
= ^? :o h _h exp]i;es or :o h
solv$ rela;n%ip problems 9
ways t mi<t help o!rs4 ,= a
free 9troductory cassette1 s5d
yr "n1 address & ph"o numb]
"<if y wi%"> 9 brl or on
cassette to ,janiece ,2tk]1
,pipel9e1 #ahhf #bith ,ave4
,,nw1 ,new ,b"ron1 ,,mn
#eeaab4

    ,brl ,transcrip;n ,li/
  ,z a public s]vice1 ,na;nal
,brl ,press has compil$ a li/
( brl transcrip;n s]vices acr
! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,= a free brl
copy1 3tact ,na;nal ,brl
,press1 #hh ,st4 ,/eph5 ,st41
,bo/on1 ,,ma #jbaae4


                          #ajd
     ,descriptive ,video
            ,numb]
  ,= complete 9=ma;n ab
,descriptive ,video ,s]vice
broadca/s & videos1 call
"<#hjj"> #ccc-#abjc4 ,,dvs
,videos c 2 ord]$ us+ t numb]1
al4 ,:5 y call1 y w r1* a
voice-mail sy/em : w qkly &
easily 9=m y ab :at ,,dvs s.ds
l1 :e!r x is available on
public televi.n 9 yr commun;y1
:at equip;t y ne$ to rcv x1 &
: public broadca/+ s]ies &
specials 9clude ,,dvs4 ,al1 y
c get a li/+ & descrip;n ( !
mo/ rec5t ,,dvs video titles &
prices4

         ,new ,canes
  ,ambu,te*'s new mobil;y cane
folds & unfolds ) excep;nal
ease & provides excell5t
tactile transmis.n1 ac to
8,lifepr9ts10 ,w9t]       #aje
#aiic4 ,all ,ambu,te* canes >e
repair$ promptly at a nom9al
co/4 ,= a product li/ &
descrip;ns1 3tact ,ambu,te*1
#cgj ,gollspie ,st41 ,w9nipeg1
,manitoba1 ,r#b,k #b,v#c1
,canada4

      ,brl ,busi;s ,c>ds
  ,a metal h&-held emboss] t
is cu/om made f yr busi;s c>d
all[s y to cr1te yr [n brl
busi;s c>ds4 ,= details1 3tact
! ,am]ican ,pr9t+ ,h\se = !
,bl at "<#hjj"> #bbc-#ahci1 or
"<#ejb"> #hie-#ahji fax4 ,!
emboss] co/s @s#gj4

      ,*ur* ,a3essibil;y
  8,t ,all ,may ,wor%ip0 is an
9t]fai? h&book : assi/s
3grega;ns 9 welcom+ p]sons )
4abilities4 ,? #ef-page h&book
details a religi\s & 4abil;y
program urg+ *ur*es to    #ajf
remove ob/acles to wor%ip t
ali5ate p]sons ) 4abilities4
,s+le copies >e @s#aj4 ,reque/
pr9t or tape & ord] f ,na;nal
,organiza;n on ,4abil;y1 #iaj
#afth ,st4 ,,nw1 ,suite #fjj1
,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 #bjjjf4

        ,play ! ,piano
  ,a new record$ self-
9/ruc;nal piano c\rse is
available f ! ,na;nal ,libr>y
,s]vice = ! ,bl & ,physically
,h&icapp$4 8,put ,yr ,h&s on !
,piano & ,play10 by ,daniel
,abrams1 requires no previ\s k
( ! piano or ( music & is
complete on six cassettes4 ,!
ord] numb] is ,,cbm-#aji4
,abrams & ,homespun ,tapes (
,wood/ock1 ,,ny1 h produc$ ?
special $i;n ( _! comm]cially
n>rat$ c\rse 9 coop]a;n )
,,nls4
                          #ajg
   ,*ri/ian ,tapes on ,loan
  ,! ,m>?a ,>ney ,libr>y = !
,bl1 #ciaa ,hayes ,st41
,m9n1polis1 ,,mn #eedba1 l5ds
,*ri/ian-ori5t$ lit]ature1 bo?
fic;n & nonfic;n1 on
cassettes4 ,ac to 8,focus10 !
newslr ( ! ,,acb ( ,9diana1 !
retir$ c\ple :o op]ate ! small
non-pr(it l5d+ s]vice1 scre5s
! lit]ature c>e;lly1 )
volunte]s r1d+ ea* selec;n4 ,!
libr>y's catalog is available
on reque/4 ,x 9cludes
approximately #a1jjj titles4

         ,summ] ,camp
  ,! ,oral ,hull ,f.da;n is
sponsor+ xs annual summ] camp
= visually impair$ p #ah or
old] 9 ,s&y1 ,ore4 ,! camp
(f]s a full spectrum (
activities 9 rural surr.d+s )
mod]n a3ommoda;ns4 ,"o week
co/s @s#aej =             #ajh
,oregonians & @s#afe = non-
resid5ts4 ,! f9al weekly ses.n
runs f ,augu/ #ag to #ba4
,3tact ! ,oral ,hull ,f.da;n =
! ,bl1 ,p4,o4 ,box #aeg1 ,s&y1
,,or #iggee4

      ,brl ,safety ,c>ds
  ,air ,canada (f]s pre-fli<t
safety brief+ c>ds 9 brl &
l>ge pr9t = visually impair$
pass5g]s4 ,ask = !m :5 mak+
res]va;ns at "<#hjj"> #ggf-
#cjjj4

   ,full ,9clu.n ( ,/ud5ts
      ,:o ,>e ,visually
     ,impair$3 ,a ,posi;n
            ,pap]

  "<,$itor's ,note3 ,! foll[+
repres5ts ! posi;n on total
9clu.n tak5 by ! ,jo9t
,organiza;nal ,ef=t1 ( : ,,acb
is a memb] organiza;n4    #aji
,= addi;nal ?"\s on total
9clu.n1 see 8,l1d]%ip ,l1gue
,delegates ,meet ) ,3gress1
,hold ,assembly10 ,may
#aiic4">
  8,full 9clu.n10 a
philosophical 3cept curr5tly
adv.ed by a numb] ( $ucators1
is n a f$]al require;t (
special $uca;n law4 ,propon5ts
( 8full 9clu.n0 n"e!.s take !
posi;n t all /ud5ts )
4abilities m/ rcv _! total
9/ruc;n 9 ! regul> public
s*ool classroom reg>d.s (
9dividual ne$s4 ,un=tunately1
8full 9clu.n0 wd elim9ate all
special place;ts1 9clud+ 8pull
\0 s]vices1 res\rce rooms &
specializ$ s*ools4 ,s* an
>range;t wd 2 s]i\sly
detri;tal to ! $uca;nal
develop;t ( _m /ud5ts )
4abilities4
  ,we1 ! na;nal           #aaj
organiza;ns ( & = ! bl li/$
2l1 >e firmly committ$ to
appropriate $uca;nal
opportunities design$ to
provide /ud5ts ) ! compet5cies
nec to 5sure full "picipa;n 9
society4 ,x is significant to
recognize t \r field 0 ! f/ to
develop a broad range (
special $uca;n op;ns 2g9n+ )
specializ$ s*ools z e>ly z
#ahbi1 & ext5d+ to public
s*ool programs s9ce #aijj4 ,^!
op;ns h provid$ critically
important $uca;nal prep>a;n =
s"eal g5]a;ns ( hi<ly su3ess;l
& 9dep5d5t bl p4 ,bas$ on ?
l;g & impressive record (
su3ess 9 mak+ optimal use (
bo? special & public s*ool
programs to meet ! div]se ne$s
( bl /ud5ts1 we /r;gly agree
^u ! foll[+3

_4 ,if provid$ ) "tly &   #aaa
  adequate specializ$ s]vices
  by appropriately c]tifi$
  t1*]s1 /ud5ts :o >e bl or
  visually impair$ c develop
  skills t w 5able !m to
  a*ieve su3ess & 9dep5d;e z
  responsible citiz5s 9 a
  fully 9tegrat$ society4 ,if
  ^! /ud5ts d n rcv
  appropriate 9/ruc;n design$
  to develop compet5cies t
  meet ! s5sory deficits (
  bl;s & l[ vi.n1 critical
  le>n+ opportunities w 2 lo/1
  ?us dim9i%+ ! pot5tial =
  future a3ompli%;ts4 ,9 ?
  3text1 ample opportunities =
  9/ruc;n 9 s* >1s z brl1
  abacus use1 ori5ta;n &
  mobil;y1 & use ( prescrib$
  optical devices m/ 2 made
  available to /ud5ts z ne$$4

_4 ,$uca;nal deci.ns m/ 2 made
  on a case by case       #aab
  basis 3si/5t ) ! ,9dividuals
  ) ,4abilities ,$uca;n ,act1
  : gu>antees a ,free
  ,appropriate ,public ,$uca;n
  9 ! 8,l1/ ,re/rictive
  ,5viron;t0 f am;g a 8,full
  ,3t9uum ( ,alt]native
  ,place;ts10 bas$ on !
  ,9dividual ,$uca;n ,plan =
  ea* /ud5t4 ,$uca;nal deci.ns
  %d n 2 made simply on !
  basis ( philosophy1 limit$
  s*ool budgets1 adm9i/rative
  3v5i;e1 or 3c]ns ab
  socializa;n4

_4 ,full 9clu.n 9 regul>
  $uca;n classrooms = all
  /ud5ts ) 4abilities
  irrespective ( 9dividual
  ne$s is 9 %>p 3flict )
  proc$ural gu>antees (
  ,,idea4

_4 ,l1/ ,re/rictive       #aac
  ,5viron;t & ,full ,3t9uum (
  ,alt]native ,place;ts >e
  critically important ,,idea
  provi.ns4 ,,lre is n "o sole
  physical loca;n4 ,x is1 r1 a
  pr9ciple1 : if prop]ly
  appli$ mat*es ! ne$ ( !
  /ud5t ) an appropriate s*ool
  sett+ : provides m1n+;l
  *all5ges1 r1li/ic
  expecta;ns1 & maximum
  opportunities = a*ieve;t &
  develop;t ( h1l?y self-
  e/eem4

_4 ,! regul> $uca;n classroom
  may 2 3sid]$ ! ,,lre if !
  /ud5t possesses su6ici5t
  r1di;s & survival skills & c
  2 provid$ adequate supports1
  specializ$ s]vices "<f
  p]sonnel tra9$ 9 $uca;n ( !
  visually impair$">1 &
  opportunities to develop
  skill comm5surate ) 8   #aad
  or h] pot5tial4 ,extreme
  cau;n m/ 2 ex]cis$ s t full
  9clu.n does n result 9 8full
  subm].n10 social isola;n1
  l[]$ self-e/eem1 poor
  p]=m.e1 or a sett+ 9 :
  s]vices >e unavailable4

_4 ,9 cases ": ! ne$s ( !
  /ud5t _c 2 met 9 ! regul>
  classrooms1 an alt]native
  $uca;n place;t m/ 2 provid$
  & 2 recogniz$ z ! ,,lre = t
  "picul> /ud5t4 ,s*
  alt]native place;ts %d n 2
  negatively view$ z
  4crim9atory or z 8segregat$0
  sett+s :5 legitimately
  w>rant$ to develop ! ne$$
  skills = future 9tegra;n 9
  s*ool & society4

_4 ,s9ce x has be5 cle>ly
  demon/rat$ t bl *n b5efit f
  9t]act+ ) 4abl$ &       #aae
  non-4abl$ *n1 bo? 9t]ac;n
  opportunities %d 2 fully
  5c\rag$ 9 :at"e sett+ t is
  3sid]$ appropriate4 ,we
  2lieve t ! m&ate 9 ,,idea :
  /ates t1 8,to ! maximum
  ext5t appropriate1 *n )
  4abilities "<%d 2"> $ucat$ )
  *n :o >e non-4abl$10 does n
  9t5d t bl *n avoid 9t]ac;n )
  ea* o!r4

  ,we /r;gly urge t deci.n
mak]s c>e;lly 3sid] & 2
s5sitive to ! impact ( re=m
9itiatives on ! $uca;n (
/ud5ts ) visual 4abilities4
,cau;n m/ 2 ex]cis$ to 9sure t
$uca;nal philosophy & tr5ds s*
z full 9clu.n d n s]i\sly
5dang] appropriate &
specializ$ s]vices = /ud5ts :o
>e bl or visually impair$4 ,if
prop]ly imple;t$1 ,,idea c
provide legal safegu>ds   #aaf
to 9sure t all 9dividual *n c
r1lize _! full pot5tial =
9dep5d;e & su3ess4
  "<,sign$ by repres5tatives (
! ,am]ican ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl1 !
,am]ican ,f.da;n = ! ,bl1 !
,associa;n = ,$uca;n &
,rehabilita;n = ! ,bl &
,visually ,impair$1 ! ,bl9d$
,vet]ans ,associa;n1 !
,canadian ,c\ncil ( ! ,bl1 !
,canadian ,na;nal ,9/itute = !
,bl1 ! ,na;nal ,f$]a;n ( !
,bl1 & ! ,na;nal ,libr>y
,s]vice = ! ,bl & ,physically
,h&icapp$4">

     ,hi< ,te* ,swap ,%op

          ,= ,sale3
  ,old-"t radio programs1
available on f\r-track ,,nls-
=matt$ cassettes4 ,= free
cassette catalogues1 write to
! ,duane ,gri69 ,radio    #aag
,libr>y1 #bbfe ,wahlqui/ ,dr41
,idaho ,falls1 ,,id #hcdja4
"<#bjh"> #ebb-#ijjh4

          ,= ,sale3
  #d-ye>-old ,to%iba laptop4
#dj mg h>d disk drive4
,excell5t 3di;n4 @s#abjj4
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