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    • Board of Directors
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    • Board of Directors
      • 2001 ACB Board Minutes
        • July 7, 2001, Post-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • November 20, 2001, Board Meeting Minutes
        • November 6, 2001, Board Meeting Minutes
        • September 22 & 23, 2001, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2002 ACB Board Minutes
        • April 30, 2002, Board Meeting Minutes
        • February 17, 2002, Board Meeting Minutes
        • JUNE 30, JULY 5, 2002, GENERAL SESSION RECORD, 41ST ANNUAL CONVENTION, HOUSTON, TEXAS
        • July 6, 2002, Post-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • June 29, 2002, Pre-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • March 17, 2002, Board Meeting Minutes
        • November 25, 2002, Board Meeting Minutes
        • September 21 & 22, 2002, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2003 ACB Board Minutes
        • April 15, 2003, Board Meeting Minutes
        • February 11, 2003, Board Meeting Minutes
        • February 16, 2003, Board Meeting Minutes
        • February 2, 2003, Board Meeting Minutes
        • JULY 5, JULY 11, 2003, GENERAL SESSION RECORD, 42nd ANNUAL CONVENTION, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA
        • January 16, 2003, Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 12, 2003, Post Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 5, 2003, Pre-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • March 4, 2003, Board Meeting Minutes
        • November 25, 2003, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2004 ACB Board Minutes
        • April 1, 2004, Board Meeting Minutes
        • April 22, 2004, Board Meeting Minutes
        • August 11, September 1, October 6 & October 12, 2004, Board Meeting Minutes
        • February 15 & 16, 2004, Board Meeting Minutes
        • JULY 3, JULY 10, 2004, GENERAL SESSION RECORD, 43rd ANNUAL CONVENTION, BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA
        • January 14, 2004, Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 10, 2004, Post-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 3, 2004, Pre-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • June 22, 2004, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2005 ACB Board Minutes
        • Convention Standing Rules, Adopted July 4, 2005
        • February 14, 2005, Board Meeting Minutes
        • JULY 2 - JULY 9, 2005, GENERAL SESSION RECORD, 44th ANNUAL CONVENTION, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
        • January 22, & 23, 2005, Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 2, 2005, Pre-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 9, 2005, Post-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • May 11, 2005, Board Meeting Minutes
        • November 22, 2005, Board Meeting Minutes
        • October 1 & 2, 2005, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2006 ACB Board Minutes
        • February 20 & 21, 2006, Board Meeting Minutes
        • JULY 8 - JULY 15, 2006, GENERAL SESSION RECORD, 45th ANNUAL CONVENTION, JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA
        • July 15, 2006, Post-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 8, 2006, Pre-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • March 30, 2006, Board Meeting Minutes
        • March 6, 2006, Board Meeting Minutes
        • November 6, 2006, Board Meeting Minutes
        • September 23 & 24, 2006, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2007 ACB Board Minutes
        • August 2, 2007, Board Meeting Minutes
        • JUNE 30 – JULY 7, 2007, CONVENTION RECORD, 46th ANNUAL CONVENTION, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA
        • January 4, 2007, Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 7, 2007, Post-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • June 30, 2007, Pre-Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • March 10 – 11, 2007, Board Meeting Minutes
        • May 23, 2007, Board Meeting Minutes
        • October 13, 2007, Board Meeting Minutes
        • October 29, 2007, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2008 ACB Board Minutes
        • Convention Record of the 47th annual Convention of the American Council of the Blind
        • February 8 and 9, 2008, Board Meeting Minutes
        • January 2, 2008, Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 12, 2008, Post-convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 5, 2008, Pre-convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • June 4, 2008, Board Meeting Minutes
        • November 15 - 16, 2008, Board Meeting Minutes
        • October 1, 2008, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2009 ACB Board Minutes
        • December 15, 2009, Board Meeting Minutes
        • February 20, 2009, Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 11, 2009, Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 4, 2009, Board Meeting Minutes
        • May 21, 2009, Board Meeting Minutes
        • September 12 - 13, 2009, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2010 ACB Board Minutes
        • December 13,2010 Teleconference Meeting of the Board of Directors of the American Council of the Blind
        • February 19, 2010, Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 10, 2010, Pre-convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • July 17, 2010, Post Convention Board Meeting Minutes
        • June 9, 2010, Board Meeting Minutes
        • November 6, 2010, Board Meeting Minutes
        • September 22, 2010, Board Meeting Minutes
      • 2011 ACB Board Minutes
        • December 14, 2011 Meeting of the Board of Directors of the American Council of the Blind
        • January 11, 2011 Teleconference Meeting of the Board of Directors of the American Council of the Blind
        • Mid Year Meeting of the Board of Directors of the American Council of the Blind
        • October 1, 2011 Meeting of the Board of Directors of the American Council of the Blind
        • Post Convention Meeting of the American Council of the Blind Board of Directors
        • Pre convention Board of Directors Meeting, American Council of the Blind
        • Teleconference Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors, May 5th 2011
      • 2012 Meeting Minutes
        • December 12, 2012 Teleconference Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors
        • February 23-24, 2012 Mid Year Board Of Directors Meeting
        • July 14, 2012 Board of Directors Meeting of the American Council of the Blind
        • July 7, 2012 Pre-Convention Meeting of the Board of Directors of the American Council of the Blind
        • June 7, 2012 Teleconference Meeting of the Board of Directors of the American Council of the Blind
        • May 9, 2012 Teleconference Meeting of the Board of Directors of the American Council of the Blind
        • September 15, 2012 ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
      • 2013 Meeting Minutes
        • August 21, 2013 Teleconference Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors
        • December 17, 2013 Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • February 22, 2013 Mid Year ACB Board of Directors Meeting
        • January 3, 2013 Teleconference Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors
        • July 5, 2013 Pre-Convention Board of Directors Meeting
        • Minutes of the American Council of the Blind 2013 Post Convention Board of Directors Meeting
        • October 30, 2013 Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • September 28, 2013 Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors Minutes
      • 2014 ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • December 8th and 9th, 2014 ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • February 21, 2014 ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • January 30, 2014 Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • July 12, 2014 Pre-Convention ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • July 19, 2014 Post-Convention ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • June 9, 2014 ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • November 13, 2014 ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • October 17 and 18, 2014 ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
      • 2015 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • December 3 and 10, 2015 Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors
        • February 21, 2015, Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors
        • July 4, 2015 Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors
        • October 30-31, 2015 Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors
      • 2016 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • AMERICAN COUNCIL OF THE BLIND BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING MINUTES
        • AMERICAN COUNCIL OF THE BLIND BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING MINUTES
        • American Council of the Blind Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • February 27, 2016 Meeting of the ACB Board of Directors
      • 2017 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • Meeting Minutes Aug 22, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes Feb 25, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes Jun 30, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes Nov 27, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes Oct 27, 2017
      • 2018 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • American Council of the Blind Board of Directors Meeting Minutes
        • Board of Directors Meeting Minutes June 29, 2018
        • Board of Directors Minutes Nov. 27-Dec. 3, 2018
        • Board of Directors Minutes Oct. 5-6, 2018
      • 2019 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • Meeting Minutes August 22, 2019
        • Meeting Minutes Feb. 23, 2019
        • Meeting Minutes July 5, 2019
        • Meeting Minutes Nov 11 and 18, 2019
        • Meeting Minutes: Oct. 18 and 19, 2019
      • 2020 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
        • Meeting Minutes Apr 23, 2020
        • Meeting Minutes Feb 22, 2020
        • Meeting Minutes Jan 23, 2020
        • Meeting Minutes Mar 30, 2020
      • 2021 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
      • 2022 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
      • John McCann for ACB Board of Directors
    • Board of Publications
      • 2009 Board of Publications Minutes
        • April 6, 2009, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • February 20, 2009, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • January 5, 2009, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • July 5, 2009, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • March 2, 2009, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • November 2, 2009, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • September 14, 2009, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • 2010 Board of Publications Minutes
        • April 5, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • August 2, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • December 6, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • February 19, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • January 4, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • July 11, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • June 7, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • March 1, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • May 3, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • November 1, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • October 4, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • September 6, 2010, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • 2011 Board of Publications Minutes
        • April 4, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • August 1, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • December 5, 2011, Board of Publications Meeting Minutes October 3, 2011
        • February 25, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • February 7, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • January 3, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • July 10, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • June 6, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • May 2, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • October 3, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
        • September 5, 2011, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • 2012 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • April 2, 2012 BOARD OF PUBLICATIONS MEETING MINUTES
        • August 6, 2012 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • December 10, 2012 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • February 24, 2012 BOARD OF PUBLICATIONS MEETING MINUTES
        • February 6, 2012 BOARD OF PUBLICATIONS MEETING MINUTES
        • January 2, 2012 BOARD OF PUBLICATIONS MEETING MINUTES
        • July 8, 2012 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • May 7, 2012 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
      • 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • April 1, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • August 13, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • December 2, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • February 22, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • February 4, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • January 7, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • May 6, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • November 4, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • October 7, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • September 9, 2013 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
      • 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • April 7, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • August 4, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • December 1, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • February 21, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • January 6, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • July 13, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • June 2, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • November 3, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • October 6, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • September 8, 2014 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
      • 2015 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • April 6, 2015 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • February 2, 2015 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • July 5, 2015 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • June 1, 2015 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • March 2, 2015 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • May 4, 2015 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • November 9, 2015 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
      • 2016 BOP Meeting Minutes
        • BOP Minutes-Apr. 4, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-Aug. 2, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-Dec. 6, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-Feb. 8, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-Jan. 4, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-July 2016
        • BOP Minutes-Jun. 6, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-Mar. 7, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-May 2, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-Nov. 1, 2016
        • BOP Minutes-Oct. 4, 2016
        • Board of Publications Meeting Minutes for September 6, 2016
      • 2017 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • Meeting Minutes for April 4, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for August 1, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for December 5, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for February 7, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for January 3, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for July 1, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for June 6, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for March 7, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for November 7, 2017
        • Meeting Minutes for September 5, 2017
      • 2018 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • BOP Minutes - Jun. 30, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - Apr. 3, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - Aug. 7, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - Jan. 9, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - Jun. 5, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - Mar. 7, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - May 1, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - Nov. 13, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - Oct. 9, 2018
        • BOP Minutes - Sept. 4, 2018
      • 2019 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • BOP Minutes - Apr. 2, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Aug. 13, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Dec. 3, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Feb. 5, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Jan. 8, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Jul. 6, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Jun. 4, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Mar. 12, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - May 7, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Nov. 5, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Oct. 1, 2019
        • BOP Minutes - Sept. 3, 2019
      • 2020 Board of Publications Meeting Minutes
        • BOP Minutes - Feb 4, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - Apr 7, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - Aug. 4, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - Jan. 7, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - Jun. 2, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - Mar 3, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - May 5, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - Nov 10, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - Oct. 6, 2020
        • BOP Minutes - Sept. 1, 2020
      • 2021 BOP Meeting Minutes
        • BOP Minutes - Apr 6, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - Aug 3, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - Feb 2, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - Jan 5, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - Jun 1, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - Mar 2, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - May 4, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - Nov. 2, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - Oct 12, 2021
        • BOP Minutes - Sept 7, 2021
      • 2022 BOP Meeting Minutes
        • BOP Minutes Feb 1, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - Apr 5, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - Aug 2, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - Jun 7, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - Mar 1, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - May 3, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - Nov 1, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - Nov 1, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - Oct 4, 2022
        • BOP Minutes - Sept. 6, 2022
        • Bop Minutes - Jan 4, 2022
      • April 14, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • August 4, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • BOP Editorial Policy Manual, 2015
      • Board of Publications Hosts Internet Candidates' Page
      • Board of Publications Minutes
      • Charles Hodge for ACB Board of Publications
      • December 1, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of December 1, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • January 30, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • July 6, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • June 2, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • March 3, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • Marcia Dresser for ACB Board of Publications
      • May 5, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • November 3, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • October 6, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • September 1, 2008, Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Publications
      • Thomas Mitchell for ACB Board of Publications
    • Committees & Task Forces
      • ACB Radio Management Committee
      • ACB Store-Mini Mall Committee
      • Advocacy Services Committee
      • Audio Description Project (ADP) Committee
      • Audio Description Project Task Force
      • Awards Committee
      • Braille Authority of North America
      • Constitution and Bylaws Committee
      • Convention Coordinating Committee
      • Convention Program Committee
      • Credentials Committee
      • Employment Issues Committee
      • Environmental Access Committee
      • Fitness Equipment Equity Task Force
      • Information Access Committee
      • International Relations Committee
      • Investment Committee
      • Leadership Institute Training Committee
      • McDaniel Fund Committee
        • Recipients of the Durward K. McDaniel First Timer and J.P. Morgan Chase Leadership Fellow Awards Speak Out
      • Membership Committee
      • Monthly Monetary Support Committee
      • Multicultural Affairs Committee
      • National Library Service
      • Next Generation Committee
      • Nominating Committee
      • Other Representatives
      • PR Committee downloads
      • Rehabilitation Issues Task Force
      • Resolutions Committee
      • Resource Development Committee
      • Scholarship Grant Committee
      • Sight and Sound Impaired Committee
      • Special Education/Schools for the Blind Task Force
      • Transportation Committee
      • Voting Task Force
      • Women's Concerns Committee
      • World Blind Union Delegates
    • History
    • ACB Resolutions
      • 2009 Resolutions
      • 2010 Resolutions
      • 2011 Resolutions
      • 2012 Resolutions
      • 2013 Resolutions
      • 2014 Resolutions
      • 2015 Resolutions
      • 2016 Resolutions
      • 2017 Resolutions
      • 2018 Resolutions
      • 2019 Resolutions
      • 2020 Resolutions
      • 2021 Resolutions
      • 2022 Resolutions
      • Index
      • Resolution on Full Funding of Vocational Rehabilitation Services for the Blind and Visually Impaired
    • Affiliates
      • Special Interest Affiliates
        • ACB Diabetics in Action
        • ACB Families
        • ACB Government Employees
        • ACB Human Service Professionals
        • ACB Next Generation
        • ACB Radio Amateurs
        • ACB Students
        • Alliance on Aging and Vision Loss
        • American Association of Blind Teachers
        • American Association of Visually Impaired Attorneys
        • American Council of Blind Lions
        • Blind Information Technology Specialists
        • Blind LGBT Pride International
        • Braille Revival League
        • Council of Citizens with Low Vision International
        • Friends In Art of ACB, Inc.
        • Guide Dog Users, Inc.
        • Independent Visually Impaired Enterprisers
        • Library Users of America
        • Randolph-Sheppard Vendors of America
        • Visually Impaired Veterans of America
    • Frequently Asked Questions
  • Events
  • Programs & Services
    • ACB Community Events
      • Recurring Events
      • Weekly Events
    • Scholarships
    • Audio Description Project
    • Advocacy & Governmental Affairs
      • Advocacy
    • ACB Media
    • Convention
    • Membership
  • Resources
    • Jobs
    • ACB Archives
    • Blind / Low Vision Resources
      • Scholarship Program
      • ACB Leadership List Guidelines
      • ACB-Chat List Rules
      • ADA Signage
      • AFB: Be a Better Champion for Specialized Services
      • Banks with Talking ATM Machines
      • Best Practices and Guidelines for Large Print Documents used by the Low Vision Community authored by the Council of Citizens with Low Vision International An Affiliate of the American Council of the Blind Arlington, VA
      • Best Practices for Large Print Documents
      • Braille Resources
        • Braille Business Cards
        • Braille Instruction
        • Braille Paper
        • Braille Writer Repair Services
        • Description and History of Braille
        • Producers of Braille Documents
      • Diabetic Resources for the Blind and Visually Impaired
      • Filing a Video Description Complaint with the FCC
      • General Resources
      • Guide Dog Resources
      • Homes for the Blind
      • Low Vision Resources
      • Medical Information Resources
      • Microsoft Office Accessibility Resources
      • Music Resources
      • Outreach RE Requesting Alternate Formats From SSA
      • Religious Resources
      • Resources for Older Individuals Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired
      • Resources for Parents and Teachers of Blind and Visually Impaired Children
      • Resources for Persons with Low Vision
      • Section 904
      • Sports, Recreational and Leisure Resources
      • Where Taxpayers With Disabilities Can Find Online Help from the IRS
      • White Cane Laws for States
    • Affiliate Resources
      • Encouraging Affiliates with Techniques to Reach More Members
      • Exploring How Affiliates Can Reach New Members
      • Fundraising for ACB Activities Including the National Convention
      • Gaining and Maintaining Membership
      • Growing a Great Convention
      • How Can We Complete Our Business During Meetings More Efficiently?
      • How Can We Reactivate Past Members and “Wow” Our Current Members to Retain Them?
      • How to Find Blindness Related Resources and Sharing Them
      • Ideas for Affiliates and Chapters
      • Ideas to Interest Students
      • Involving Youth in ACB
      • Leadership Materials
        • Board Member's Manual for State and Special Interest Affiliates
        • Creating a Media Kit for Your ACB Affiliate or Chapter
        • Simplified Parliamentary Procedure
        • The PSA Handbook for ACB Affiliates and Chapters
        • The Press Release Handbook for ACB Affiliates and Chapters
      • Membership Incentives
      • Networking, Communication and Contact
      • Officer’s and Board Member's Manual for State and Special Interest Affiliates
      • President's Manual for State and Special Interest Affiliates
      • Reaching Blind and Visually Impaired Seniors
      • Reaching Out to Your Community to Educate and Inform People About Blindness
      • Secretary's Manual for State and Special Interest Affiliates
      • Strategies for Enhancing Membership
      • Strategies for Member Renewal and Reactivation
      • Tips for Successful Membership Recruitment and Retention
      • Tips to Retain Members
      • Treasurer's Manual for State and Special Interest Affiliates
      • Vice President's Manual for State and Special Interest Affiliates
    • Peer Support
    • Handbooks / Manuals
      • Are You a Senior Citizen Struggling with Vision Loss?
      • Are You the Parents of A Blind Child?
      • Guide to Successful College Experience
      • Pedestrian Safety
      • Pedestrian Safety Handbook
        • "Modern" Signalized Intersections
        • APS
        • Acknowledgements
        • Advocacy
        • Afterword
        • Appendix A: Letter
        • Appendix B: Template
        • Appendix C: Case Studies
        • Appendix D: Glossary
        • Crossing Where No Traffic Control
        • Drivers’ Yielding Behavior
        • Finding Crosswalk: Part 1
        • Finding Crosswalk: Part 2
        • Finding the Crosswalk
        • Mitch's Message
        • Rights-of-Way Regulations
      • Rehabilitation Issues Task Force Revised Rehabilitation White Paper
      • Whitepaper On Rehabilitation and Training
    • Products & Services
      • Accessible Cards and Gifts
      • Computer Products, Publications, Training, and Information Sources
      • Funding Assistive Technology Resources
      • Magnifying Aids - Low Vision Center
      • Technology, Software, Related Resources
      • Travel Resources
      • Useful Products for Blind and Visually Impaired Persons
    • Professional Employment Associations
  • Publications & Media
    • Live Events
    • News
    • Braille Forum
      • 1997 Issues
        • BF Apr 1997
        • BF Aug 1997
        • BF Dec 1997
        • BF Feb 1997
        • BF Jan 1997
        • BF Jul 1997
        • BF Jun 1997
        • BF Mar 1997
        • BF May 1997
        • BF Nov 1997
        • BF Oct 1997
        • BF Sept 1997
      • 1998 Issues
        • BF Apr 1998
        • BF Aug 1998
        • BF Dec 1998
        • BF Feb 1998
        • BF Jan 1998
        • BF Jul 1998
        • BF Jun 1998
        • BF Mar 1998
        • BF May 1998
        • BF Nov 1998
        • BF Oct1998
        • BF Sept 1998
      • 1999 Issues
        • BF Apr 1999
        • BF Aug 1999
        • BF Dec 1999
        • BF Feb 1999
        • BF Jan 1999
        • BF Jul 1999
        • BF Jun 1999
        • BF Mar 1999
        • BF May 1999
        • BF Nov1999
        • BF Oct 1999
        • BF Sept 1999
      • 2000 Issues
        • BF Apr 2000
        • BF Aug 2000
        • BF Convention 2000
        • BF Dec 2000
        • BF Feb 2000
        • BF Jan 2000
        • BF Jul 2000
        • BF Jun 2000
        • BF Mar 2000
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        • BF Nov 2000
        • BF Oct 2000
        • BF Sept 2000
      • 2001 Issues
        • BF Apr 2001
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        • BF Jul 2001
        • BF Jun 2001
        • BF Mar 2001
        • BF May 2001
        • BF Nov 2001
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        • BF Sept 2001
      • 2002 Issues
        • BF April 2002
        • BF Feb 2002
        • BF Jan 2002
        • BF Jul-Aug 2002
        • BF Jun 2002
        • BF Mar 2002
        • BF May 2002
        • BF Nov 2002
        • BF Oct 2002
        • BF Sept 2002
      • 2003 Issues
        • BF Apr 2003
        • BF Feb 2003
        • BF July-Aug 2003
        • BF Jun 2003
        • BF Mar 2003
        • BF May 2003
        • BF Nov 2003
        • BF Oct 2003
        • BF Sept 2003
        • BF Winter 2003
      • 2004 Issues
        • BF Apr-May 2004
        • BF Feb 2004
        • BF Jul-Aug 2004
        • BF Jun 2004
        • BF Mar 2004
        • BF Nov 2004
        • BF Sep-Oct 2004
        • BF Winter 2004
      • 2005 Issues
        • BF Apr 2005
        • BF Feb 2005
        • BF Jul-Aug 2005
        • BF Jun 2005
        • BF Mar 2005
        • BF May 2005
        • BF Oct 2005
        • BF Sept 2005
        • BF Winter 2005
        • BF Winter 2006
          • 2006 Convention Preview
          • ACB Scholarships Available to Blind Students
          • Affiliate News
          • Fall Board Meeting Summary
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Hurricane Katrina Check-In
          • IRIS Network
          • John Di Francesco
          • Legislative Seminar
          • Letters to the Editor
          • MMS "Two-for-One" Program
          • Membership Focus
          • Notes on a New Year
          • President's Message
          • Who Do You Admire?
          • Who Is Eligible for Drug Plan Costs?
      • 2006 Issues
        • BF April 2006
        • BF Feb 2006
        • BF Jul-Aug 2006
        • BF Jun 2006
        • BF Mar 2006
        • BF May 2006
        • BF Nov 2006
        • BF Oct 2006
        • BF Sept 2006
      • 2007 Issues
        • BF Apr 2007
        • BF Dec 2007
        • BF Feb 2007
        • BF Jul-Aug 2007
        • BF Jun 2007
        • BF Mar 2007
        • BF May 2007
        • BF Nov 2007
        • BF Oct 2007
        • BF Sept 2007
        • BF Winter 2007
      • 2008 Issues
        • BF Apr 2008
        • BF Aug 2008
        • BF Dec 2008
        • BF Feb 2008
        • BF Jan 2008
        • BF Jul 2008
        • BF Jun 2008
        • BF Mar 2008
        • BF May 2008
        • BF Nov 2008
        • BF Oct 2008
        • BF Sept 2008
      • 2009 Issues
        • BF Apr 2009
        • BF Aug 2009
        • BF Dec 2009
          • Class Action ACB v. SSA
          • President's Message
        • BF Feb 2009
        • BF Jan 2009
        • BF Jul 2009
        • BF Jun 2009
        • BF Mar 2009
        • BF May 2009
        • BF Nov 2009
        • BF Oct 2009
        • BF Sept 2009
      • 2010 Issues
        • BF Apr 2010
        • BF Aug 2010
        • BF Dec 2010
        • BF Feb 2010
          • AFFILIATE NEWS
          • BOARD OF PUBLICATIONS AWARDS: THIS YEAR IT COULD BE YOU!
          • HERE AND THERE Edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • PASSINGS
          • SECOND ANNUAL ACB WALK by Dan Dillon
          • SPOTLIGHT YOUR AFFILIATE WITH A BOP AWARD!
          • THE MMS PROGRAM MAKES IT EASIER FOR YOU TO HELP ACB by Dena Wilson
          • THE SUNNY SOUTHWEST: ACB CONFERENCE AND CONVENTION 2010 by Carla Ruschival
        • BF Jan 2010
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
          • Here and There
        • BF Jul 2010
        • BF Jun 2010
        • BF Mar 2010
        • BF May 2010
        • BF Nov 2010
        • BF Oct 2010
        • BF Sept 2010
      • 2011 Issues
        • BF Dec 2011
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • Here and There, edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • In Memoriam: Lola Siren
        • The Braille Forum, April 2011
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The Braille Forum, February 2011
          • AFFILIATE NEWS
          • HERE AND THERE edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
          • YOU CAN SHOP ANYTIME AT THE ACB STORE by Carla Ruschival
        • The Braille Forum, July-August 2011
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The Braille Forum, June 2011
          • Affiliate News: Convention Sneak Preview
        • The Braille Forum, March 2011
          • AFFILIATE NEWS
          • HERE AND THERE edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
        • The Braille Forum, May 2011
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Library Users of America to Host Book Flea Market, by Peggy R. Garrett
        • The Braille Forum, October-November 2011
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The Braille Forum, September 2011
          • Affiliate News
        • The Braille Forum, january 2011
          • AFFILIATE NEWS
          • HERE AND THERE edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
      • 2012 Issues
        • Affiliate News
        • Here and There edited by Sue Lichtenfels
        • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The Braille Forum, April 2012
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The Braille Forum, December 2012
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The Braille Forum, February 2012
          • AFFILIATE NEWS
          • HERE AND THERE edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
        • The Braille Forum, January 2012
          • HERE AND THERE edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
        • The Braille Forum, July-August 2012
          • HERE AND THERE edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
        • The Braille Forum, June 2012
          • AFFILIATE NEWS
          • BOP with 2012 Candidate's Page
          • HERE AND THERE edited by Sue Lichtenfels
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
        • The Braille Forum, March 2012
          • Affiliate News
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The Braille Forum, May 2012
        • The Braille Forum, October-November 2012
          • AFFILIATE NEWS
          • HERE AND THERE
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
        • The Braille Forum, September 2012
          • AFFILIATE NEWS
          • HERE AND THERE
          • HIGH TECH SWAP SHOP
      • 2013 Issues
        • ACB Braille Forum, February 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • An Update from GDUI
          • DKM First-Timer Program: A Tribute to an ACB Pioneer by Allen J. Casey
          • Here and There by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB Braille Forum, June 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB Braille Forum, March 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB Braille Forum, May 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB Braille Forum, September 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB E-Forum, April 2013
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Here and There by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB E-Forum, August 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB E-Forum, July 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum Nov 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • E-Forum Dec 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The ACB E-Forum, October 2013
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The Braille Forum, January 2013
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
      • 2014 Issues
        • ACB E-Forum, February 2014
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Affiliate News
        • BF January 2014
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Shopping for Health Care: Comparing Hospitals Can Help Consumers Make Good Decisions by Ron Pollack
        • Braille Forum, July 2014
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum, March 2014
          • ACB Braille Forum, March 2014 downloads
          • ACB Leadership Institute 2014
          • ACB's Legislative Priorities for 2014, by Melanie Brunson
          • Affiliate News
          • Board of Publications Awards Your Excellence in 2014
          • Come to Vegas and Hit the Jackpot!
          • Community Outreach Challenge, by Tristen Breitenfeldt
          • Conducting Business with Social Security: What You Should Know and How You Can Help, by Len Burns
          • DKM First-Timer Selection Nears
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • How to Get the Most Out of Rehab, Part III: Available Services, by Doug Powell
          • In Memoriam: Buddy Spivey, Dec. 31, 1941-Jan. 9, 2014
          • Las Vegas: Deal Us In!, by Janet Dickelman
          • Membership Focus: Creative Ways to Meet, Especially in Rural Areas, compiled by Ardis Bazyn
          • President's Message: Be Sure You Are Protected!, by Kim Charlson
          • Summary of the Fall 2013 ACB Board Meeting, by Denise Colley
        • Braille Forum, Sept 2014
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
        • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
        • High Tech Swap Shop
        • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Snowflakes and Birthday Cake: It’s Holiday Auction Time, by Carla Ruschival
        • The ACB Braille Forum, May 2014
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The ACB Braille Forum, November 2014
        • The ACB Braille Forum, November 2014 downloads
        • The ACB E-Forum, April 2014
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The ACB E-Forum, August 2014
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Your Options for Medicare Supplemental Coverage by Ron Pollack
        • The ACB E-Forum, December 2014
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The ACB E-Forum, June 2014
        • The ACB E-Forum, October 2014
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
      • 2015 Issues
        • Braille Forum January 2015
          • Accessing the ACB Forum and E-Forum: Let Me Count the Ways, by Judy Wilkinson
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum July 2015
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum March 2015
          • A Telecommuting Job Could Be Just What You Are Looking For, by Dr. Ronald E. Milliman
          • ACB’s Stars Will Shine Bright in Dallas, by Janet Dickelman
          • Acknowledgement
          • Affiliate News
          • Best Audio Holiday Season Ever, by Susan Glass
          • Board of Publications Again Awards Your Excellence in Media and Writing in 2015
          • Call for Nominees for 2015 ACB Awards!, by Chelle Hart & Chip Hailey
          • Come to the Lone Star Loot Auction!
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • Last Call: The DKM Train Is Leaving the Station, by Allen Casey
          • Let the Stars Shine Bright on the ACB Brenda Dillon Memorial Walk, by Donna Brown
          • President’s Message: More on Accessible Prescription Labels, by Kim Charlson
          • Tax Tips from the IRS, by Melanie Brunson
          • The Importance of Grassroots, by Kathy Brockman
        • Braille Forum May 2015
          • Affiliate News
          • Convention Week Sneak Preview, by Janet Dickelman
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum November 2015
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum September 2015
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • E-Forum April 2015
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • E-Forum August 2015
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • E-Forum December 2015
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • E-Forum June 2015
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • E-Forum October 2015
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
        • E-Forum, February 2015
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
      • 2016 Issues
        • BF January 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • BF July 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • BF March 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • BF May 2016
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • BF November 2016
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • BF September 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • EF April 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • EF August 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • EF December 2016
          • ACB Fall Board Meeting Report, by Ron Brooks
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • EF February 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • EF June 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • EF October 2016
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There, edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
      • 2017 Issues
        • Affiliate News
        • Braille Forum January 2017
          • Affiliate News
            • Affiliate News
          • Here and There edited by Sharon Strzalkowski
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum March 2017
          • ACB Commends Access Board on 508 Refresh
          • Affiliate News
          • Awards Committee Seeks Nominees for 2017 ACB Awards
          • Celebrate the Life and Legacy of Durward K. McDaniel Support the DKM FirstTimer Program
          • Easy Fund Raiser for Your Affiliate
          • Helpful Hints for Attending the Convention
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Holiday Auction Thank Yous
          • Ida Schwerzel A Century of Memories Part 2
          • In Memoriam: Otis H. Stephens Jr. Sept. 20, 1936-Dec. 2, 2016
          • Presidents Message Planning for the Future
          • Readers Remembrances of Otis Stephens
          • Spotlight On ACB Students
        • Braille Forum September 2017
        • December 2017
          • Here and There
        • E-Forum June 2017
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Here and There
        • Here and There
        • High Tech Swap Shop
        • High Tech Swap Shop
        • November 2017
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • October 2017
        • The ACB Braille Forum July 2017
        • The ACB Braille Forum May 2017
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The ACB E-Forum April 2017
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The ACB E-Forum August 2017
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • The ACB E-Forum February 2017
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
      • 2018 Issues
        • ACB Braille Forum Feb 2018
          • ACB E-Forum February 2018 Downloads
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
        • ACB Braille Forum Jan 2018
          • Affiliate News
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB Braille Forum July 2018
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Passings
        • ACB Braille Forum March 2018
          • Affiliate News
        • ACB Braille Forum May 2018
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
        • ACB Braille Forum Nov 2018
        • ACB Braille Forum Sept 2018
        • ACB E-Forum April 2018
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB E-Forum Aug 2018
          • Here and There
        • ACB E-Forum Dec 2018
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Hot Toys for Holiday Gift-Giving
        • ACB E-Forum June 2018
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
        • ACB E-Forum Oct 2018
      • 2019 Issues
        • ACB E-Forum Aug 2019
        • ACB E-Forum Feb 2019
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • ACB E-Forum Jun 2019
        • Braille Forum Jan 2019
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum July 2019
        • Braille Forum Mar 2019
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • Braille Forum May 2019
          • President’s Message
        • Braille Forum Nov-2019
        • Braille Forum Sept 2019
        • E-Forum Apr 2019
          • High Tech Swap Shop
        • E-Forum Dec 2019
        • E-Forum Oct 2019
          • Rochester Convention Celebrated
      • 2020 Issues
        • BF Jan 2020
          • President’s Message
        • BF July 2020
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Belonging in ACB
          • Commentary
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • How to Access Virtual Convention
          • In Memoriam: Camille Caffarelli
          • Mouse Assisting Inclusive Technology
          • President’s Message: First Virtual Convention
          • Summary of Board of Dir. Meeting, April 23, 2020
          • The ADA at 30
          • The Only Moment
          • Tuesday Topics
        • BF Mar 2020
        • BF May 2020
          • President’s Message
        • BF Nov 2020
          • 2020 Resolutions Summary
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • Honesty
          • In Memoriam: Charlie Crawford
          • Include in Affiliate
          • Lies
          • MMS Future
          • Notice
          • Plans for 2021
          • President’s Message
          • Readers Remember
          • Revision to DKM
        • BF Sept 2020
          • 2020 Awards Winners
          • ACB 2020 Convention Thank-Yous
          • ACB 2020 Virtual Convention: That’s a Wrap!
          • ACB Membership Seminar
          • Here and There
          • Holiday Auction
          • In Memoriam: Berl Lynn Colley
          • Letter to the Editor
          • President’s Message: Finally Baseball!
          • Ski for Light 2021
          • Thank You
          • To Mobility and Beyond
          • Walked Virtual Path to Future
        • EF Apr 2020
        • EF Aug 2020
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Beginning Again
          • Book Review
          • COVID-19 Will Be Beat
          • COVID-19 and Blindness
          • Cavemen
          • Diaphragmatic Breathing
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Kindness of Neighbors
          • Pick a Peck
          • President’s Message
          • Virus or Victim
          • ‘End of Oct.’ Review
        • EF Dec 2020
          • Affiliate News
          • Apply to DKM First-Timers Award
          • BADIE
          • Board Meetings Summary
          • Celebrating CVAA
          • Chaplain’s Corner
          • Flexibility
          • Going Virtual Again
          • Here and There
          • Mini Mall Holiday
          • President’s Message
          • Qualifying for SSD
          • Retaining Members
          • Safe Cooking
          • Senator Markey Celebrates
        • EF Feb 2020
        • EF June 2020
          • ACB Easy Chair Auction
          • ACB –Path to Future
          • Affiliate and Committee News
          • Backyard Wedding
          • Book Review
          • Continuing Education
          • Conventions
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • MMS Going Virtual!
          • Memories of Lynn Hedl
          • Mini Mall Headlines
          • Passings
          • Performing Marriage Ceremonies
          • President’s Message
          • Walking up a Storm
          • Ways to Listen
          • Wine and Song
          • Wine and Song
        • EF Oct 2020
          • ADA Turns 30
          • ADA at Thirty
          • Affiliate News
          • DARE2TRI
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Involving Special-Interest Affiliates
          • Jeanne Sanders
          • Mini Mall Mega News
          • Passings
          • Perseverance in Martial Arts
          • Pre-Convention Board Meeting
          • President’s Message
          • Swimming Blind & Free
          • Triathlon Dare2tri
          • Vision Loss, Therapy, Weightlifting
      • 2021 Issues
        • BF Jan 2021
          • Apply to 2021 ACB/JPMorgan Chase Leadership Fellow
          • BOP to Award Excellence
          • Become a 2021 Recipient of DKM Award
          • Call for 2021 ACB Awards Nominees
          • Convention Dates
          • Help Revive Braille!
          • Here and There
          • In Memoriam: Larry Turnbull
          • Joys of Learning Braille
          • Mother Was a Braille Transcriber
          • Passings
          • President’s Message
          • That Stupid School!
        • BF Jul 2021
          • Accessing the Virtual Convention
          • Beyond
          • Continuing Ed
          • Don’t Forget MMS
          • Here and There
          • It’s Not Too Late
          • Learning
          • Let’s Go Fishing!
          • Meeting Summary
          • Mini Mall Minute
          • President’s Message
        • BF Mar 2021
          • Angels Memorial Program
          • Continuing Ed in 2021
          • Expanding Recruiting
          • Guide Dog If Low Vision?
          • Guide Dog Magnified
          • Here and There
          • Low Vision Story Bites
          • President’s Message
          • Summary - Nov 2020 Board Mtg.
          • Two Big Announcements!
          • Welcome to CCLVI
        • BF May 2021
          • Affiliate - Committee News
          • Book Review
          • Continuing Ed
          • Diamond Jubilee Auction
          • Get Moving Together
          • Here and There
          • In Memoriam
          • Mini Mall Headlines
          • President’s Message
          • Registration Q&A
          • Start a Chapter
          • Verizon Media Announces
          • Victor Reader Tip
          • Voting at Convention
          • Welcome New Employees
          • Your Vote Counts
        • BF Nov 2021
          • A Visit
          • Affiliate News
          • Brief Overview
          • Button Box?
          • Fun Facts about Nebraska
          • Greatest Fears
          • Here and There
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Holiday Shopping at Mini Mall
          • Karaoke Helps
          • Passings
          • President’s Message
          • Vision Loss Thoughts
        • BF Sept 2021
          • 2021 Convention
          • Affiliate News
          • Audio Description Achievement Awards
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Isolation to Inspiration
          • President’s Message
          • This Year’s Award Winners
          • Wrapping Up
        • EF Apr 2021
          • 13th Annual ADP Awards
          • 2021 Talking Book Narrator
          • 421 for ‘21
          • A Place at Table
          • Affiliate News
          • Connected in New Mexico
          • Heart of a Legacy
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • In Memoriam: Doc Bradley
          • Learning and Leading
          • Man Made Difference 
          • New Members Portal
          • People of Color
          • President’s Message
          • Smoke Signal
          • What Color Is the Dream?
          • What is IDC?
        • EF Aug 2021
          • Affiliate News
          • Blindness in United Arab Emirates
          • Bosnia and Herzegovina
          • Describing Diversity
          • Erasmus
          • Eye on USA
          • Furry Lifesaver
          • Get Moving Together
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • India
          • Passings
          • President’s Message
          • World Turned Inside Out
        • EF Dec 2021
          • 2021 Resolutions
          • Board Meeting Summaries
          • Christmas Wishes
          • Convention 2022 Preview
          • Here and There
          • Looking
          • Mother of Fundraisers
          • Notice of Proposed Settlement
          • Passings
          • President’s Message
          • Team Up
          • The New Year
        • EF Feb 2021
          • 2020 Convention Info
          • About ADP Website
          • Apply to 2021 Recipient of DKM Award
          • Audio Description Commercials
          • Audio Description Project
          • Audio Description Snobbery
          • Audio Description What it Means
          • Charlie Crawford on Wall of Angels
          • God’s Audio Description
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • In Memoriam: James Megivern
          • Paradigm Shift
          • President’s Message
        • EF Jun 2021
          • Affiliate News
          • Continuing Ed News
          • Convention Preview
          • Enjoy the Perks
          • Feb Board Meeting
          • Get Exercise
          • Get Up Get Moving
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Massage
          • Never Give Up
          • President’s Message
          • Review of Spark
          • The New $20
          • The Room
        • EF Oct 2021
          • Accessing Transit Services
          • Affiliate News
          • Here and There
          • Here and There
          • Letter to Dept of Trans
          • Moving Forward
          • Nearly Roadkill
          • On to Omaha
          • President’s Message
          • Reach People
          • Summary July 2021 Board Meeting
          • What About Paratransit?
          • Why Restructure?
      • 2022 Issues
        • BF Jan 2022
          • 10-9-21 Board Mtg Summary
          • ACB Diabetics in Action
          • Announcing 2022 Tours
          • BOP Awards Excellence
          • Blind LGBT Welcomes You
          • Braille Link to Literacy
          • Call for Nominees
          • Call for Nominees
          • Come One, Come All
          • Guide Dog Users
          • Happy New Year
          • IVIE
          • Not Your Father’s …
          • President’s Message
          • Reach Higher
          • Salutes Award Winners
          • Where Impaired Thrive
        • BF Jul 2022
          • Accessing ACB Info
          • Blind student
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Learning Better Leader
          • Passings
          • Pregnant Nun
          • President’s Message
          • Public Transportation
          • Recipes
          • Thank You
          • Tips for Convention
          • Wild Figs
          • Writers reimagine roles
        • BF Mar 2022
          • Affiliate News
          • Board Makes Virtual
          • Boxes
          • Dance with Cancer
          • Gifts of Mentorship
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • In Memoriam: Bill Spoone
          • Learn Hours
          • MMS March Madness
          • Motherhood
          • Passings
          • President’s Message
          • Removal
          • Time to Plan
          • Walk Here
        • BF May 2022
          • Accessibility for Some
          • Affiliate News
          • Convention Registration
          • Extra, Extra
          • Fix Computer Problems
          • Here and There
          • High Tech Swap Shop
          • Initials Mean More
          • Kindness Taught Me
          • Notice of Proposed Settlement
          • President’s Message: Crisis
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  4. 2019 ACB Board of Directors Minutes
  5. Meeting Minutes Feb. 23, 2019

American Council of the Blind Board of Directors Meeting Minutes February 23, 2019

Call to Order, Roll Call, Review and Approval of Agenda, and Adoption of Minutes

The American Council of the Blind (ACB) Board of Directors met on Saturday, February 23, 2019 at the Crowne Plaza Old Town Alexandria Hotel in Alexandria, Virginia.  President Kim Charlson called the meeting to order at 9:11 a.m.  At the call of the roll, the following board members were present:  Kim Charlson, Dan Spoone, John McCann, Ray Campbell, David Trott, Jeff Bishop, Denise Colley, Sara Conrad, Dan Dillon, Katie Frederick, Jim Kracht, Doug Powell, Pat Sheehan, Michael Tally and Jeff Thom.  Mitch Pomerantz join the meeting by phone shortly after roll call.  Board of Publications Member Deb Cook Lewis was present representing that body.  Staff present:  Eric Bridges, ACB Executive Director, Kelly Gasque, ACB Executive Assistant and Media Design Specialist, Clark Rachfal, ACB Director of Advocacy and Governmental Affairs, Claire Stanley, ACB Advocacy and Outreach specialist, Tom Tobin, ACB Director of Development, Jo Lynn Bailey-Page, ACB Grant Writer and Nancy Marks-Becker, ACB Chief Financial Officer.  Following roll call, several guests introduced themselves.

President Charlson reviewed the agenda.  Powell moved and Bishop seconded adoption of the agenda as presented, the motion carried.  McCann moved and Colley seconded ratification of the email vote approving the November 27 and December 3, 2018 meeting minutes, the motion carried.

 

President’s Report

ACB President Kim Charlson presented her report.  Highlights included:

  • Several members of the ACB Board of Directors met with AIRA Chief Executive Officer Suman Kanuganti on Friday, February 22.  Those present indicated they had a wide-ranging discussion of several issues from specials for ACB members to plans for the future, to ideas on how to spread the word about AIRA and make it work for more people.  It was mentioned by attendees at the meeting that Suman was taking very good notes, and how fortunate we were to get as much time to meet with him as we did.
  • Kim brought forward a request from the World Blind Union for contributions to help support the 2020 WBU General Assembly to be held in Madrid, Spain.  Pomerantz moved and Kracht seconded that ACB amend our 2019 budget and make a $500 contribution to this effort, the motion carried.
  • ACB Auction Committee Chair Leslie Spoone asked that each member of the ACB Board of Directors contribute an item worth at least $50 to the ACB Conference and Convention auction.  By consensus, the board agreed that these contributions would be made.
  • Kim reviewed the proposed ACB Code of Conduct policy which had been disseminated to all board members prior to the meeting.  After much discussion, Pomerantz moved and Sheehan seconded that the Code of Conduct policy as presented to the board be approved as an interim policy, and a committee composed of experts in current law and the Chair of ACB’s Constitution and Bylaws Committee be established to draft the Code of Conduct Policy in final form, and put in place recommendations to implement the policy including proposing appropriate changes to ACB’s Governing Documents to be presented to the ACB Board of Directors by June 1, 2019, the motion carried.  The interim Code of Conduct policy is attached to these minutes.

Dan Spoone and Claire Stanley acknowledged the JP Morgan Fellows in attendance at the DC Leadership meetings, and thanked JP Morgan Chase for making 10 scholarships available to allow these individuals to attend.  The winners were:  Daisy Siobhan Russell, Massachusetts; Brooke Jostad, Colorado; Nicholas McNeill, Florida; Greg Lindberg, Florida; Minh Ha, Massachusetts; Maria Kristic, New York; Lisa Cushman, California; Cory Kadlik, Massachusetts; Amanda Selm, Kentucky; and Matt Selm, Kentucky.

Campbell moved and McCann seconded acceptance of the President’s report, the motion carried.

 

Staff Reports

ACB Executive Director Eric Bridges began presentation of the staff reports.  Highlights included:

  • ACB has $140,000 in sponsorships pledged for the 2019 Conference and Convention.  We have received $23,500 in sponsorships for the DC Leadership Meetings.
  • ACB has received an anonymous donation to assist with interior design modifications and technology and other upgrades in our Alexandria office.
  • Eric indicated that, unfortunately, starting in 2020 ACB will need to find a different hotel in which to hold our DC Leadership meetings.  By consensus, the board agreed that a resolution of thanks and appreciation to the Crowne Plaza Alexandria Old Town hotel should be prepared and communicated to hotel management.
  • In December, 2018, Eric keynoted the employee awards event for the Association of Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (AVRE) in New York.  He also met with several individuals at AIRA headquarters in California to gain a better understanding of their business and challenges and ways ACB and AIRA can work more closely together.  He also met with the San Francisco Lighthouse and Uber to discuss various issues and opportunities.
  • Eric again attended the Cavalino Classic in Florida from which ACB receives an annual contribution.  He has eight meetings already scheduled with various companies during the CSUN conference in March, 2019.  He will also be traveling to Houston to meet with representatives of AT&T discussing healthcare related items.
  • Eric and Nancy Marks-Becker have been working with Cisco to bring the enterprise accessibility solution for their phones to Ring Central.  There should be a joint announcement from Cisco and ACB within the next month or so regarding this.
  • ACB Braille Forum Editor Sharon Lovering and ACB Executive Assistant and Media Design Specialist Kelly Gasque were recognized by the board for the time and hard work they have put into preparing for the DC Leadership meetings.

ACB Director of Advocacy and Governmental Affairs Clark Rachfal introduced himself to the board.  ACB Advocacy and Outreach Specialist Claire Stanley discussed several advocacy issues that ACB has been working on.  She mentioned the weekly advocacy podcast where various advocacy projects the staff is working on are highlighted.  We are continuing our relationship with the Washington Lawyers Committee; they are helping us with some Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services (CMS) and diabetes issues.  We will be engaging in work with them on issues surrounding absentee ballots.  Claire has a working group of individuals with diabetes taking a deep dive into access to devices to manage this condition.  We are exploring several routes including legislation, litigation and regulation to get this achieved.

Claire indicated we are working with America Walks on issues around safe sidewalks.  We also continue working with the Coalition of Citizens with Disabilities on a variety of issues.  Claire reminded us to tell members to continue calling into the national office and letting us know about issues.  Finally, Clark discussed the Transformation to Competitive Employment Act which over time eliminates Section 14C certificates from the Fair Labor Standards Act and makes grants available either to states or individuals to help certificate holders transition to competitive, integrated employment as defined under the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act.  Clark feels that the bill as written fits with ACB’s 2013 resolution on 14C, as it phases in the elimination of 14C over time.

ACB Executive Assistant and Media Design Specialist Kelly Gasque presented her report.  Highlights included:

  • ACB Website, www.acb.org.  She, along with Larry Turnbull and Nancy Marks-Becker meet weekly with the Louisville Web Group.  They are running through the website and reporting broken links so they can be changed.  Kelly will be sharing with the affiliate leadership what we need to get from affiliates to beef up the affiliate pages on our site.
  • Social media:  we are up to 4,044 likes on Facebook, and up to 2,619 followers on Twitter.

Jeff Bishop reported on ACB Radio and ACB Link.  He reported that ACB Radio is moving along with no issues, but he didn’t have listener counts available.  Regarding ACB Link, Development is underway of several ACB Link skills for the Amazon Echo platform.  The idea is these skills can be used to disseminate information about ACB and not just for audio content.

Campbell moved and McCann seconded that the board go into Executive Session for discussion of legal, personnel and financial issues, the motion carried, and the board went into Executive Session at 12:17 p.m.  The board returned to open session at 2:34 p.m.  President Charlson indicated that the board heard updates during Executive Session, and that no motions were adopted.

ACB Director of Development Tom Tobin presented the ACB Development report.  Prior to making his presentation, he asked Jo Lynn to share the news that ACB has been funded at $10,000 by the Delta Gamma foundation.  She said this represents great stewardship and working closely with them through the past year in a variety of ways.

Tom shared a video with the board shot during the Annual Giving Society reception held during the 2018 Conference and Convention.  Following that, after asking for questions on his written report which had been previously shared with the board, he discussed several items.

  • Direct mail, year-end appeal:  2,488 packets were sent out, from which we received $6,660 from 199 gifts, average gift of $34.26 and an 8% response rate.  Expenses: $2,904, giving ACB net revenue of $3,914.
  • We mailed 7,786 packets to lapsed donors.  From 33 gifts, we raised $1,145.  Expenses were higher, so we showed a net loss, but recovered 33 donors.
  • We’ve dropped a planned giving appeal that went out to just over 3,000 people.
  • Our spring appeal, featuring Donna Brown will drop on March 18, along with a small re-acquisition appeal.
  • Development action team:  has developed advisory board white papers and compiled them into a packet that can be disseminated to current or potential board members.  They continue working with the revenue generating committees in ACB to check in and see how they can help them.

ACB Grant Writer Jo Lynn Bailey-Page presented the grants report.  Highlights included:

  • She’s working to grow the grant pipeline to 50 submissions per year, just over 4 per month.  Along with the family foundations, we’re adding more corporate as well.
  • We have $700,000 in requests in the pipeline, $200,000 from one large submission which we were requested to make.

ACB Chief Financial Officer Nancy Marks-Becker presented the Minneapolis area office report.  Highlights included:

  • Affiliate Member Management System (AMMS) we are working through the annual membership update and certification process.  A chapter tab has been added to AMMS for use by affiliates.
  • Our fixed assets have been transferred from older software to Dynamic GP, and our depreciation numbers are up to date.
  • The office is preparing for the audit which will take place from March 25-28, 2019.
  • ACB’s investment policy has been updated to allow our investment advisor to make adjustments as necessary to achieve better rates of return while following the asset allocation limits set forth in the policy.  We’ve changed from a rate of return objective to a profile model.  We can better define percentages in cash, fixed income and equity.

Trott moved and Campbell seconded that the revised investment policy be approved, the motion carried.  The revised policy is attached to these minutes.  Campbell moved and Frederick seconded acceptance of the staff reports, the motion carried.

 

Treasurer’s Report

ACB Treasurer David Trott presented the Treasurer’s report.  He reviewed the year-end financial statements which had been distributed to the board.  Total revenue for 2018: $1,392,711, total expenses: $1,430,533.  Sheehan moved and McCann seconded acceptance of the Treasurer’s report, the motion carried.

ACB Resource Development Committee Co-chairs Dan Dillon and Dan Spoone presented the RDC report.  The ACB Walk Committee has set a $100K fundraising goal for 2019.  While he didn’t have an exact count, Dan Dillon indicated there could be several ACB Angels honored in 2019.  Regarding Monthly Monetary Support (MMS), we have around 260 members participating in this program and are shooting for 321 members participating.  The ACB Holiday Auction raised over $14,000, and the mini mall had its best year ever.  Finally, we need to greatly increase our members in the legacy giving society.  Campbell moved and Powell seconded acceptance of the RDC report, the motion carried.

ACB Conference and Convention Coordinator Janet Dickelman presented her report.  Highlights included:

  • 2019 conference and convention, July 5-12, Rochester, NY:  deadline for submission of registration materials, no character limit, is March 31.  The no character limit is due to changing the paper registration form to show a listing of events and programs, with those wanting to register able to do so either online or by telephone.  Program information is due by April 14.  Registration will open May 22 for ACB members, and May 27 for anyone else, closing on June 23.  Pre-registration and registration will be handled as it has been in recent years.  The fall board meeting in 2019 will take place in Schaumburg, Illinois the weekend of October 18-20.
  • 2020 conference and convention, July 3-10, 2020, Schaumburg, IL.
  • 2021 conference and convention, July 23-30, 2021, Phoenix, AZ.
  • Still working on 2022 conference and convention.
  • AS part of ACB Marketplace in 2019, Independent Visually Impaired Entrepreneurs (IVIE) will have an IVIE day at marketplace on Saturday, July 6.

Campbell moved and Powell seconded acceptance of the Conference and Convention report, the motion carried.

ACB Board of Publications member Deb Cook Lewis presented the BOP report.  The BOP has had a very good reception to offering themed issues of the ACB EForum.  The April issue will feature a health theme.  The BOP has been working to update and modernize the BOP Editorial Policy manual and will be bringing some constitution and bylaws amendments forward.  The BOP is trying to make the policy manual reflect how the BOP works now.  The BOP is working to improve both the large print and online versions of the Conference and Convention program.  The BOP will be doing both the Candidates’ forum on ACB Radio and the Candidates’ town hall at the conference and convention.  Campbell moved and Conrad seconded acceptance of the BOP report, the motion carried.

 

Strategic Plan Action Team Reports

The Strategic Plan action teams presented their reports:

  • Affiliates and membership:  Chair Rebecca Bridges reported that the action team will be beginning to dialog with affiliate leaders during the DC Leadership meetings regarding membership growth and retention and will share the results of these discussions.  They are also planning to launch a campaign around using social media as a platform to increase membership and promote affiliates.
  • Marketing and Communications:  Chair Katie Frederick reported that the team is working through development of a communications plan, looking at what ACB is communicating and who are we communicating with.  We’ve recently acquired access to Constant Contact and the team wants to see how we can use that platform to enhance our communications.
  • Conventions and Meetings:  Chair Janet Dickelman reported the committee is working on setting up registrations for both our DKM winners and scholarship winners.  This will get them registered for the core things we want them to attend, and they can add other things if they wish.  The team has worked through the issues we had in 2018 registering people for Continuing Education credits, as they expect a higher response for those in 2019.
  • Advocacy, Legislation and Policy:  the team has not met recently, but with Clark in place, they should be meeting soon.

Campbell moved and Powell seconded acceptance of the Strategic Plan Action team reports, the motion carried.

 

Officer and Board Liaison Reports

ACB First Vice President Dan Spoone reported that the Audio Description Project (ADP) is doing describer training institute, led by ADP Director Joel Snyder, during the DC Leadership weekend.  Also, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has re-constituted their Disability Advisory Committee.  Tony Stephens is representing ACB on this committee, with Claire Stanley as ACB’s alternate.  Two members from the ADP, Director Joel Snyder and Carl Richardson from the Media Subcommittee are on the advisory committee, along with Sam Joehl, representing industry who is President of ACB of Virginia.  Finally, the ADP is working with ACVREP on a certification of audio describers.  The Subject Matter Expert (SME) committee has been established as part of developing this certification.  The International Relations Committee will be featured in the December EForum themed, “Blindness around the world.”

Advocacy Committee Chair Jeff Thom reported that the Advocacy Committee is planning to hold an open conference call both to update folks on our national advocacy efforts, and to hear what issues and concerns our members have in terms of advocacy.  He also mentioned an effort to “clarify” the Ability One program, stating we need to be vigilant and make sure it’s not “clarified” in a way we do not like.

Pat Sheehan reported that ACB Government Employees is focusing on employment with the Employment Committee, helping people with resume writing and other tasks to help them find employment.  ACB Membership Committee Chair Ardis Bazyn reported that the next Membership Focus Call scheduled for Monday, April 29 is going to be on social media.

There being no further business, Campbell moved and Powell seconded that the meeting be adjourned.  The motion carried, and the meeting adjourned at 5:03 p.m.

Ray Campbell, Secretary

Date submitted: 4/15/2019

Date approved: 5/07/19

Attachments:  Interim Code of Conduct Policy, revised investment policy

 

ACB Draft Code of Conduct Policy

The American Council of the Blind (ACB) is committed to creating a welcoming, safe, and productive environment that is free from harassment and discrimination for all who participate in its sponsored meetings, conferences, social activities, and other events. All persons will conduct themselves in ways that reflect favorably on ACB and on the community we represent, while contributing to a culture of respect.

This Code of Conduct Policy applies to anyone who attends or participates in any manner with ACB events, including, but not limited to, members, attendees, staff members, guests, volunteers, presenters, vendors, exhibitors, contractors, and sponsors. By attending any ACB event, you agree voluntarily to abide by this Code of Conduct Policy.

Prohibited Conduct

For purposes of this Code of Conduct Policy, prohibited conduct includes any form of harassment, discrimination, intimidation, or retaliation, regardless of whether it is verbal, physical, and/or online.

Prohibited conduct includes, but is not limited to, sexual harassment, offensive or physically threatening bodily contact, written or verbal abuse, threatening or stalking, and intimidation or discrimination based on race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, physical or mental disability, physical characteristics, political beliefs, and/or other characteristic protected under applicable federal, state, or local law.

Reports and Confidentiality

Any person who believes that he or she is a victim of conduct that violates the Code of Conduct Policy or who in good faith believes that he or she has witnessed such behavior, is strongly encouraged to report such behavior to the ACB Executive Director either onsite at the event or as soon as possible afterwards.

All reports will be investigated promptly and ACB will take every reasonable effort to safeguard requests for confidentiality from witnesses and others with information.

Investigation

Investigations may be conducted by ACB, an independent party, or by a combination of both. If appropriate, ACB will involve event venue security or local law enforcement. False statements made during an investigation may result in a separate ACB investigation and/or disciplinary action.

A person who interferes in any manner with an investigation, directly or indirectly through others, including by retaliating or threatening to retaliate against a victim or witness, may face separate disciplinary action under this Code of Conduct Policy.

Disciplinary Action

In accordance with ACB standards, all violations of this Code of Conduct Policy will result in appropriate disciplinary action. At ACB’s discretion, violations may result in removal from or denial of access to any ACB-sponsored future meetings, events, and activities. Any ACB member who is found in violation of this Code of Conduct Policy may also be subject to additional actions from ACB, including suspension or expulsion from the organization.

Revised 9/11/2018

 

American Council of the Blind Inc

National Office
1703 N. Beauregard St, Ste 420
Alexandria Va 22311
202-467-5081

Finance Office
6300 Shingle Creek Parkway, Ste 195
Brooklyn Center, Mn 55430
612-332-3242

 

Investment Policy Statement

January 2019

 

Executive Summary

Investor:

Legal Name:                                                         American Council of the Blind Inc

IRS Tax Identification:                                                             58-0914436                                             

Contact Information:                                      Nancy Marks- Becker

 

Background:  

This IPS has been prepared by the American Council of the Blind Inc (Investor), a non-taxable entity.  The assets covered by this IPS currently total approximately $3,094,036 in market value.  The Portfolio is used to fund the charitable objectives of the Investor.   The Investor is the legal owner of all assets included in the portfolio.  All decisions made are to be based on the best interests of the Investor.

There are four separate fund categories covered by this IPS, each with its own unique risk and return profile.  The first categories are as follows:

Restricted and Endowed Funds:  These assets consist primarily of permanently and temporarily restricted endowed funds.  These funds are primarily for scholarships, advocacy litigation and as an endowment fund.  These funds may be used to advocate for the blind and visually impaired and award scholarships to blind and visually impaired students. 

Board Designated Reserves:  Assets in this category consist of reserves designated by the ACB Board of Directors.  These funds may be used for special projects or to sustain ACB in periods of funding shortfalls.

Legacy Funds:  Assets in this category consist of funds designated to ACB through legacies and bequests and may be unrestricted or restricted for a specific purpose.  These funds will be used by ACB to help meet operating expenses.

Investment Income and Short-Term Cash Reserves:  Assets in this category consist of income that will be used as short-term excess cash reserves.

 

General Statement of Objectives

The respective investment objectives for each asset category are described below.  Factors considered in determining the objectives include the following:

Time Horizon

With the exception of Short-Term Cash Reserves, the investment guidelines are based upon long-term investment horizons; therefore, interim fluctuations should be viewed with appropriate perspective. 

Risk Tolerances 

The Committee recognizes and acknowledges some risk must be assumed in order to achieve long-term investment objectives, and there are uncertainties and complexities associated with contemporary investment markets.

In establishing the risk tolerances for each asset category within this IPS, the Committee will take into account the objectives of each portfolio and the requisite investment returns.  A reasonable amount of market risk will invariably need to be assumed in order to obtain said objectives and returns.

Asset Class Preferences

The Committee understands long-term investment performance, in large part, is primarily a function of asset class mix.  The Advisor has reviewed the long-term performance characteristics of the broad asset classes, focusing on balancing the risks and rewards.

History shows while interest-generating investments, such as bond portfolios, have the advantage of relative stability of principal value, they provide little opportunity for real long-term capital growth due to their susceptibility to inflation. On the other hand, equity investments, such as common stocks, clearly have a significantly higher expected return but have the disadvantage of much greater year-by-year volatility of return. From an investment decision-making point of view, a moderate amount of this year-by-year volatility may be worth accepting, provided the time horizon for the equity portion of the portfolio is sufficiently long.

The following asset classes were selected and ranked in ascending order of "risk" (least to most) according to typical asset class volatility.

  • Cash equivalents, Money markets, CD’s, Agencies and Treasuries
  • Fixed Income                                      
  • Alternative Investments          
  • US Large Cap Value                                                    
  • US Large Cap Growth                                     
  • US Small-Mid cap                                                         
  • Specialty‑Real Estate (REITs)                                    
  • International Equity        

                               

Rebalancing of Strategic Allocation

The percentage allocation to each asset class may vary depending upon market conditions.  When necessary and/or available, cash inflows/outflows will be deployed in a manner consistent with the strategic asset allocation of the Portfolio. 

The Investment Advisor shall have discretion with the management of the portfolio subject to the IPS guidelines set within this document. As such, the Advisor may change or replace one or more investment managers or mutual funds as deemed appropriate.  Further, the investment managers or mutual funds have discretion to manage the assets under their purview in order to best achieve their objectives.

If the Advisor judges cash flows to be insufficient to bring the Portfolio within the strategic allocation ranges, the Advisor shall decide whether to effect transactions to bring the strategic allocation within an acceptable range.

 

Investment Objectives

Investment Objectives for the Endowed Account

Current Valuation:                  $1,187,990 at 12/31/18

Description:   

Assets in this category consist primarily of permanently and temporarily restricted endowed scholarship funds.  These funds are primarily for scholarships, advocacy litigation and as a endowment fund. 

Endowed Account Investment Objectives:

  1. Provide an income stream from these investments that will be used to fund annual scholarship awards, advocacy litigation and grow the endowment Fund. 
  2. Grow asset base to increase income for the future. It is important that the size of awarded scholarships increase over time to keep pace with the continuously increasing cost of higher education.  ACB will also add to the principal balance of the investment funds through various fund-raising efforts. This can only be accomplished if sufficient total return is reinvested and new funds added to keep pace with cost increases and program expansions.
  3. Maximize return within reasonable and prudent levels of risk.
  4. Maintain an appropriate asset allocation based on a total return policy that is compatible with a flexible spending policy, while still having the potential to produce positive real returns.

Liquidity needs:  Low (immediate access to principal balances not required)

Time Horizon:  Greater than 10 years.

  1. Risk Tolerance:  Maximize return within reasonable and prudent levels of risk.
  2. Maintain an appropriate asset allocation based on a total return policy that is compatible with a flexible spending policy, while still having the potential to produce positive real returns.

Performance Objective:         The return is commensurate with a balanced profile as shown below.

Asset Allocation (Endowed Account):

Broad Asset Class / Peer Group  

  Lower Limit  

  Strategic Target  

  Upper Limit  

Fixed Income

15.0%

25.0%

40.0%

Alternative Investments

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

US Large Cap Value

10.0%

15.0%

25.0%

US Large Growth

10.0%

15.0%

25.0%

US Small-Mid Cap Equity

5.0%

10.0%

20.0%

International Equity

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

Real Estate (REITs)

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

 

Investment Objectives for the Long-term Reserves Account

Current Valuation:                  $1,226,529 at 12/31/18

Description:

Assets in this category consist of reserves designated by the ACB Board of Directors.  These funds may be used for special projects or to sustain ACB in periods of funding shortfalls.

Long-term Reserve Investment Objectives:

  1. Income stream from these investments will be used to grow the asset base or may be assigned to grow the asset base of the Restricted and Endowed Fund category.
  2. Maintain asset level and principal protection.
  3. Grow asset base to increase income for the future.

Liquidity Needs:  Moderate (Needed access to principal balances can be anticipated in advance)

Time Horizon:             Greater than 5 years.

Performance Objective:         The return is commensurate between a conservative and balanced portfolio as shown below.

Asset Allocation (Long-term Reserves)

Broad Asset Class/Peer Group

  Lower Limit  

  Strategic Target  

  Upper Limit  

Fixed income-Intermediate Fixed income

25.0%

40.0%

60.0%

Alternative Invest. (Conservative Fund of Fund)

0.0%

10.0%

25.0%

Domestic Large Cap Value

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

Domestic Large Growth

8.0%

12.0%

20.0%

Small-Mid Cap Equity

4.0%

8.0%

15.0%

International Equity

5.0%

10.0%

25.0%

Real Estate (REITs)

0.0

5.0%

10.0%

                                                                                   

Investment Objectives for the Legacy Fund Account

Current Valuation:                  $679,517 as of 12/31/18

Description:   

Assets in this category consists of unrestricted or restricted funds designated to ACB through Legacies and bequest.  These funds will be used by ACB to help meet operating expenses.

Legacy Fund Investment Objectives:

  1. Provide an income stream from these investments that will be used to fund operating expenses.
  2. Grow asset base to increase income for the future. ACB will also add to the principal balance of the investment funds primarily through legacies and bequests.
  3. Maximize return within reasonable and prudent levels of risk.
  4. Maintain an appropriate asset allocation based on a total return policy that is compatible with a flexible spending policy, while still having the potential to produce positive real returns.

Liquidity needs:  Low (immediate access to principal balances not required)

Time Horizon:  Greater than 5 years.

Performance Objective:  The return is commensurate with a balance portfolio as shown below.

Asset Allocation (Legacy Fund):

Broad Asset Class / Peer Group  

  Lower Limit 

  Strategic Target  

  Upper Limit  

Fixed Income

25.0%

35.0%

50.0%

US Large Cap Value

12.0%

17.0%

27.0%

US Large Growth

10.0%

13.0%

25.0%

US Mid Cap Growth

5.0%

10.0%

20.0%

International Equity

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

Real Estate (REITs)

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

Duties and Responsibilities

Investment Committee

As a fiduciary, the primary responsibilities of the Committee are:

Custodian

Custodians are responsible for the safekeeping of the Organization’s assets.  The specific duties and responsibilities of the custodian are:

Investment Advisor

The Investment Advisor serves as an objective, third‑party professional retained to assist the Committee in managing the overall investment process.  The Advisor is responsible for guiding the Committee through a disciplined and rigorous investment process to enable the Committee to meet the fiduciary responsibilities outlined above.

Implementation

The Committee will apply the following due diligence criteria in selecting each money manager or mutual fund.

Certified Public Accounting Firm

The CPA firm retained by the American Council of the Blind will conduct an annual audit of the books and records of the American Council of the Blind, to include a review of all investments transactions and activities, and to ensure compliance with this Investment Policy.

 

Monitoring

Performance Objectives

The Committee acknowledges fluctuating rates of return characterize the securities markets, particularly during short-term time periods.  Recognizing that short-term fluctuations may cause variations in performance; the Advisor intends to evaluate manager performance from a long-term perspective.

The Committee is aware the ongoing review and analysis of the investment managers is just as important as the due diligence implemented during the manager selection process.  The performance of the investment managers will be monitored on an ongoing basis and it is at the Advisor’s discretion to take corrective action by replacing a manager if they deem it appropriate at any time.

The Committee will meet periodically to review whether each investment option continues to conform to the search criteria outlined in the Implementation section; specifically:

The Committee has that performance objectives be established for each investment manager.  Manager performance will be evaluated in terms of an appropriate market index (e.g. the S&P 500 stock index for large-cap domestic equity manager) and the relevant peer group (e.g. the large-cap growth mutual fund universe for a large-cap growth mutual fund).

Watch List Criteria

An investment option may be placed on a Watch List and a thorough review and analysis of the investment option may be conducted, when:

The decision to retain or terminate a manager cannot be made by a formula.  It is the Advisor’s confidence in the manager’s ability to perform in the future that ultimately determines the retention of a manager.

Investment Policy Review

The Committee will review this IPS at least annually to determine whether stated investment objectives are still relevant and the continued feasibility of achieving the same.  It is not expected that the IPS will change frequently.  In particular, short‑term changes in the financial markets should not require adjustments to the IPS.

Approved by:

Investment Committee:

Kim Charlson
President, American Council of the Blind

David Trott
Treasurer, American Council of the Blind

Michael Garrett
Chairman, American Council of the Blind Enterprises and Services

Patrick Sheehan
Director, American Council of the Blind

Eric Bridges
Executive Director, American Council of the Blind

Nancy Becker
Chief Accountant American Council of the Blind

  1. Prepare and maintain this investment policy statement.
  2. Control and account for all investment, record keeping, and administrative expenses associated with the Portfolio.
  3. Monitor and supervise all service vendors.
  4. Avoid prohibited transactions and conflicts of interest.
    1. Value the holdings.
    2. Collect all income and dividends owed to the Organization.
    3. Settle all transactions (buy‑sell orders).
    4. Provide monthly reports that detail transactions, cash flows, securities held and their current value, and change in value of each security and the overall Portfolio since the previous report
    1. Regulatory oversight: Each investment option should be managed by: (i) a bank; (ii) an insurance company; (iii) a registered investment company (mutual fund); or, (iiii) a registered investment adviser.
    2. Performance relative to a peer group: The investment option’s performance should be evaluated against the peer group’s median manager return, over a complete market cycle
    3. Performance relative to assumed risk: The investment option’s risk‑adjusted performance (Alpha and/or Sharpe Ratio) should be evaluated against the peer group’s median manager’s risk‑adjusted performance, over a complete market cycle
    4. Assets in the product: The investment option should have sufficient assets so that the portfolio manager can properly trade the account.
    5. Holdings consistent with style: The underlying securities of the investment option should be consistent with the associated broad asset class
    6. Expense ratios/fees: The investment option's fees should be fair and reasonable.
    7. Stability of the organization: There should be no perceived organizational problems.
    1. The investment option's adherence to the due diligence criteria;
    2. Material changes in the investment option's organization, investment philosophy and/or personnel; and,
    3. Any legal, SEC and/or other regulatory agency proceedings affecting the investment option's organization.
    1. An investment option has poor relative performance over a complete market cycle.
    2. An investment option's has poor risk adjusted returns (Alpha and/or Sharpe) over a complete market cycle
    3. There is a change in the professionals managing the investment option.
    4. There is a significant decrease or increase in the investment option's assets.
    5. There is an indication the investment option is deviating from the stated style and/or strategy.
    6. There is an increase in the investment option's fees and expenses.
    7. Any extraordinary event occurs that may interfere with the investment option's ability to prudently manage investment assets.
Microsoft Office document icon ACB Board of Directors Meeting Minutes February 23, 2019

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